Ch. 6

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Ch. 6 Thermal Energy
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Sec. 1 Temperature Heat
ENERGY
Kinetic (KE)
Potential (PE)
Energy of Motion
Energy Stored
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• Temperature
• Average KE of an objects atoms or molecules
• Measured with a thermometer

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Temperature Scale Conversions

• 0C K 273
• K 0C 273
• 0F (9/5) x 0C 32
• 0C (5/9) x (0F 32)

What is 00C in K and 0F?
273 K and 32 0F
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Thermal Energy KE PE of all atoms in an object
Thermal Energy Temperature
Thermal Energy Mass
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Heat thermal energy that flows from higher temp
to a lower temp
Units Joules (J) or calories (cal)
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Specific Heat amount of energy needed to raise
the temp of 1 kg of a material by 1 degree C of K
In other words How fast does a material get hot
or cold? Which has a higher specific heat? Water
or Iron
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Q m x T x C
Temp (C)
Specific heat (cal/g 0C) or (J/g 0C)
Heat (cal or J)
Mass (g)
Change in
Calculations
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() Change in Temp heat flows into an object
Melting ice
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(-) Change in Temp Heat flows out of an object
Freezing a Popsicle
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Calorimeter Measures specific heat
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Sec. 2 Transferring Thermal Energy
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3 Types of Heat Transfer
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CONDUCTION by touch or contact KE is
transferred as particles collide
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• CONVECTION
• the movement of heated particles in a fluid
  (liquid or gas)
• Creates circular currents

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Convection currents create climates.
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RADIATION heat transfer by electromagnetic waves
Fastest in gases
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How do these animals control the flow of heat?
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Conductor vs. Insulator

• Heat doesnt move easily
• Gases
• Ex Thermos, Air, Plastic

• Heat moves easily
• Solids
• Ex Metals