System parameters and performance

1
System parameters and performance

• CDMA-2000, W-CDMA (UMTS), GSM 900, WLAN 802.11a,
  WLAN 802.11b, Bluetooth.

By Øystein Taskjelle
2
Bluetooth

• Based on IEEE 802.15 WPAN
• Short range communication between devices.
• Typically implemented in cellphones, laptops and
  data equiptment like threadless mouse
  keyboard.
• Operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band.
• ISM Industrial, Scientific, Medical.
• Uses two modulation modes.
• Base Rate
• Mandatory
• Uses shaped binary FM modulation to minimize
  transceiver comeplexity.
• Enhanced Data Rate
• Optional
• Uses phase shift keying, PSK (pi/4-DPSK and
  8DPSK).

References 12
3
Bluetooth

•  The gross data air rate is
• Base rate 1 Mbps
• EDR pi/4-DPSK 2 Mbps
• EDR 8DPSK 3 Mbps
• TDD
• Power classes

References 12
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Bluetooth frequency band

• Specifics for frequency band
• Spectrum 2400 - 2483.5 MHz
• Lower guard band 2 MHz
• Upper guard band 3.5 MHz
• Channel spacing 1 MHz
• Number of channels 79, numbered with 0-78

References 12
5
Bluetooth

• Bluetooth technologys adaptive frequency hopping
  (AFH) capability was designed to reduce
  interference between wireless technologies
  sharing the 2.4 GHz spectrum. AFH works within
  the spectrum to take advantage of the available
  frequency. This is done by detecting other
  devices in the spectrum and avoiding the
  frequencies they are using. This adaptive hopping
  allows for more efficient transmission within the
  spectrum, providing users with greater
  performance even if using other technologies
  along with Bluetooth technology. The signal hops
  among 79 frequencies at 1 MHz intervals to give a
  high degree of interference immunity.

6
Bluetooth
Sensitivity

• The receiver sensitivity shall be below or equal
  to 70 dBm with any Bluetooth transmitter.
• The actual sensitivity level is defined as the
  input level for which a raw bit error rate (BER)
  of 0.1 is met.

References 12
7
IEEE 802.11b-1999

• Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN
• Range outdoor up to 106 meters
• Frequency 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM).
• Channels 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing,
  start at 2412, end at 2472.
• Channel bandwidth 22 MHz.
• Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each
  other. 
• Data rate from 1 11 Mbps

References 317
8
IEEE 802.11b-1999

• Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN
• Range outdoor up to 106 meters
• Frequency 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM).
• Channels 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing,
  start at 2412, end at 2472.
• Channel bandwidth 22 MHz.
• Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each
  other. 
• Data rate from 1 11 Mbps

References 3417
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IEEE 802.11b-1999

• The standard
• Sensitivity
• Input level of 76 dBm measured at the antenna
  connector.
• The frame error ratio (FER) shall be less than
  0.08 at a PSDU length of 1024 octets.
•  
• Output power
• 18.4.7.1 Transmit power levels
• Maximum output power
• 100mW  20dBm (EIRP)?

• Example 
• 3Com Wireless 11a/b/g PCI Adapter,
• product 3CRDAG675B.
•  
• Sensitivity
• 802.11b
• 11 Mbps -86 dBm
• 5.5 Mbps -88 dBm
• 2 Mbps -91 dBm
• 1 Mbps -93 dBm 
•  
• Output power
• 802.11b/11g 17 dBm

References 345
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IEEE 802.11a-1999
Channel bandwidth 16.6 MHz
References 46
11
IEEE 802.11a-1999

•  

48 subcarriers 6 bits 288
3/4 288 bits per symbol 216 data bits per
symbol
References 6
12
IEEE 802.11a-1999

• Sensitivity

References 56
13
IEEE 802.11a-1999
References 6
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IEEE 802.11a-1999

• Why use 11a over 11b/g?
• Interference
• 11b/g uses 2.4 GHz
• alot of 2.4 GHz devices sold commercial
• a heavily used bandwidth
• 11b/g has only three non-interfering channels
• 11a advantage uses 5 GHz that is not interfering
  with 2.4 GHz
• 11a has alot of non-interfering channels
• Throughput
• 11b only 11 Mbps totalt throughput with highest
  modulation
• 11a is more secure due to weaker penetration
  capabilities of the 5 GHz vs 2.4 GHz
• Why should you not use 11a?
• Costs
• Lower range due to frequency
• More expensive devices
• Less devices
• Expensive deployment

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GSM900

• GSM900 is a cellular network in the 900 MHz band.
• The following frequencies were originally
  assigned for GSM900
• 890 915 MHz for uplink (mobile
  transmitting,base station receiving)?
• 935 960 MHz for downlink (base station
  transmitting,mobile station receiving)?
• Further on the specifications are
• The duplex separation is 45 MHz
• Carrier spacing is 200 KHz
• 124 carriers in the available bandwidth
• The channel width highest frequency is used as
  upper band guard.

References 11121318
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GSM900
References 12
17
GSM900
Output power
Sensitivity
References 1218
18
CDMA-2000 Revision B

• CDMA-2000 is used as wireless broadband.
• Norway, Ice.net uses 450 MHz-band with CDMA-2000
  technology.
• One can use USB-dongles or APs to connect to the
  network.
• Frequencies
• CDMA-2000 Rev B supports a varity of frequency
  bands.
• 18 different bands with numbering from 0 to 17.
• My presentation
• Ice.net's network in Norway.
• Band Class 5 - 450 Mhz
• Ice.net uses Revision A at present time, the
  implementation of Rev B has started and is
  supposed to be in use by 2009 (www.ice.net -
  Fakta om Ice.net.pdf).

References 7891011
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CDMA-2000 Revision B

• Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz
• 462.5-467.5 MHz
•  
• This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A.

References 7
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CDMA-2000 Revision B

• Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz
• 462.5-467.5 MHz
•  
• This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A.
•  
• Can either user
• spreading rate 1, channel bandwidth of 1.23 MHz.
• spreading rate 3, channel bandwidth of 3.69 MHz.

•  

References 710
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CDMA-2000 Revision B

• Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz
• 462.5-467.5 MHz
•  
• This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A.
•  
• Can either user
• spreading rate 1, channel bandwidth of 1.23 MHz.
• spreading rate 3, channel bandwidth of 3.69 MHz.
• Table 2.1.6-5 show  the preferred channel numbers
  to use.

•  

Handset f 0.025 (N 1) 450 Base station f
0.025 (N 1) 460 Where N channel number
References 710
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CDMA-2000 Revision B

•  

Maximum througput stated by Ice.net Downlink has
a maximum throughput of 14.7 Mbps Uplink has a
maximum throughput of 5.4 Mbps
References 710
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WCDMA

• WCDMA, Wideband Code Divison Multiplex Access
• - also known as UMTS.
• - wireless third generation cellular network.
• - one can use cellphones with integrated WCDMA or
  USB-dongles to connect to the networks.
• Basestations uses the same frequencies and sends
  at the same time. CDMA differs the connections
  with induvidual codes. Due too the frequency
  sharing one can expect high noise ratio.

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WCDMA

• Channel bandwidth
• 5 Mhz
• Channel spacing
• 200 KHz
• Power control
• TDD max 125 mW
• FDD max 250 mW
• Sensitivity
• Handset -117 dBm

TDD
FDD Uplink
FDD Downlink
Frequencies for UMTS in Norway regulated by NPT
Authority.
References 11131415
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WCDMA

• Maximum througput for WCDMA is 128 kbps uplink
  and 384 kbps downlink.

References 16
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Comparison table
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References