The Path of the Empire

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The Path of the Empire

• American Pageant Chapter 27

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Our Country Its Possible Future and Its Present
Crisis

• Written by Rev. Josiah Strong
• Anglos had a responsibility to Civilize and
  Christianize
• 7 perils
• Catholicism
• Mormonism
• Socialism
• Intemperance
• Wealth
• Urbanization
• Immigration

3
Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660-1783

• Alfred Thayer Mahan
• Role of sea power and needs for a strong navy
• Geography
• Government
• Population
• Control of Sea World Domination

4
Big Sister policy

• James Blaine
• 1880s
• Called for an alliance between U.S. and Latin
  America
• Open Latin American markets to American traders

5
Venezuela (1895-1899)

• Richard Olney (Sec. of State under Cleveland)
  warned gold hungry Britain that invading
  Venezuela violated Monroe Doctrine
• Britain rejected claim but chose not to fight

6
Great Rapprochement 1898

• Reconciliation between Great Britain and the U.S.
• Shared interests
• Britain worried about Germany and Russia
• Britain sided with U.S. during Spanish-American
  War

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Hawaii in the 19th century

• 1840s U.S. warned other countries to stay away
• 1887 Pearl Harbor naval base established
• Americans in Hawaii wanted it annexed to relieve
  affects of tariff
• 1893- Queen Liliuokalani overthrown by minority
  whites
• 1898 Annexed under McKinley
• Would not become a state until 1959

8
Cuba

• Tariff of 1894 created hardships for Cuba
• Rebel army revolted
• Spanish were treating Cubans poorly
• 200,000-400,000 died in camps
• 1896- Congress recognized revolt of Cubans, but
  Cleveland did not

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Yellow Journalism

• Sensationalized News
• Result of Competition
• William R. Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer
• Maine incident
• Feb 15th, 1989 ship exploded
• U.S. blamed Spain, Spain said it was internal
• Publications led to U.S. people calling for war

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McKinley Declares War

• Madrid already agreed to demands
• End camps
• Peace with Cuban rebels
• Declared war on April 11th, 1898 believing it was
  the peoples will
• Teller Amendment
• Promised Cuban independence once Spain was
  defeated

13
Dewey and Manila

• Americans outnumbered
• 5th largest navy
• May 1st, 1898 attacked 10 ship Spanish fleet
• Captured bay August 13, 1898

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Attack on Cuba

• Spanish Admiral Cervera
• Rough Riders
• Organized by Teddy Roosevelt
• Volunteer cowboys and ex-athletes
• Spanish fleet destroyed July 3rd, 1808
• Meanwhile General Nelson Miles takes over Puerto
  Rico
• Armistice August 12th, 1898

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End of the War

• Guam and Puerto Rico ceded to the U.S.
• Foraker Act of 1900
• Popular government
• US citizenship in 1917
• Insular Cases
• Constitution did not extend to Philippines and
  Puerto Rico
• Paid 20 million for the Philippines
• Manila ended day after war technically ended
• Left Cuba in 1902
• Cubans promised to lease land to the U.S. for
  bases