Spatio-Temporal UWB Propagation Channel Characterization

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Project IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless
Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission
Title Spatio-Temporal UWB Propagation Channel
Characterization Date Submitted 14 March,
2004 Source Katsuyuki Haneda (1), Jun-ichi
Takada (1) and Takehiko Kobayashi (2) Company
(1) Communications Research Laboratory UWB
Technology Institute /
Tokyo Institute of Technology,
(2) Communications Research Laboratory UWB
Technology Institute /
Tokyo Denki University Address
3-4, Hikarino-oka, Yokosuka city, Kanagawa
239-0847 Japan Voice E-Mail (1)
haneda, takada_at_ap.ide.titech.ac.jp, (2)
koba_at_c.dendai.ac.jp Re Status report of the
802.15.4a channel modeling subgroup Abstract Th
is contribution describes the results of
spatio-temporal propagation channel measurements
in a typical home environments in Japan.
Purpose Reports on UWB channel measurement
for IEEE802.15TG4a Notice This document has
been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is
offered as a basis for discussion and is not
binding on the contributing individual(s) or
organization(s). The material in this document is
subject to change in form and content after
further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the
right to add, amend or withdraw material
contained herein. Release The contributor
acknowledges and accepts that this contribution
becomes the property of IEEE and may be made
publicly available by P802.15.
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Path-Loss Exponents ofUltra Wideband Signals in
Line-of-Sight Environments
Katsuyuki Haneda (1), Jun-ichi Takada
(1) Takehiko Kobayashi (2) Communications
Research Laboratory (1) Tokyo Institute of
Technology (2) Tokyo Denki University Presented
by Honggang Zhang, Yuko Rikuta Communications
Research Laboratory
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Table of contents

• Spatio-temporal channel measurement technique
• Specifications of experiment
• Measurement site
• Path identification results
• Clusters in spatio-temporal domain and their
  relation to physical structure of the environment
• Diffuse scattering

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Channel measurement technique (1)

• Double directional measurement
• Spatial transfer function distribution
  measurement by VNA in conjunction with synthetic
  array antennas in Tx and Rx
• Ray path identification by deterministic approach
  based on the SAGE (Ref. 1)
• Successive Interference Cancellation type
  implementation

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Channel measurement technique (2)

• Spherical wave array mode vector was used (Ref
  2)
• Derived ray path parameters
• DOD, DOA, TOA, curvature radius of the spherical
  wave and variation of spectra with respect to
  amplitude and phase

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Specifications of experiment

• 3.1 to 10.6 GHz
• Angular resolution 10 deg in both Tx and Rx
  sides
• Antennas wideband monopole antennas
• SNR at the receiver about 30 dB
• Calibration use a function of the VNA
• Measurement site LOS in a typical home
  environment in Japan (Ref 3)

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Measurement site
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Identification of the detected paths
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Spatio-temporal characteristics of identified
paths (100 waves) and their clusterization
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Clusterization procedure

• The whole paths were clusterized intuitively by
  human recognition on the delay-angular map.
• We can observe sub-clusters in clusters A and E
  (expressed in red lines).

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Clusters A
Reflection from the window (including window
glass and metal frame)
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Cluster B
Reflection from the displays
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Cluster C
Reflection from adjacent room through wooden door
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Cluster D
Ceiling, floor and door reflection (includes two
bounces, ex. ceiling/door)
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Clusters E
Reflection from the window (including window
glass and metal frame)
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Intra-cluster properties
Cluster (containing multipaths)
Mean
Spread
Mean power
Angular
Delay
Angular
Delay
85.74
A (18)
27.26
17.77
-100.21
1.57
B (34)
231.92
22.31
8.96
-98.93
3.22
C (4)
269.63
30.61
1.37
-105.36
1.86
D (22)
20.00
-98.76
270.14
1.36
1.90
E (18)
22.21
4.50
-100.50
305.92
1.38
Units are angle deg, delay ns, power dBm.
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Findings on the clusters

• Spatio-temporal clusters are determined by a
  physical structure of the environment.
• Specular reflections or specular diffractions are
  the dominant mechanisms.
• Spatial and temporal characteristics are highly
  correlated.
• Delay spread of the reflected waves from one
  scatterer is related to the
• Height of the room, if more than two bounces are
  considered (scatterer bounce ceiling or floor
  reflection)
• Size of the scatterer

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Extracted power
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Spatio-temporal spectrum from measured data and
estimated 100 waves
Red Spectrum of measured data
Green Detected paths by the SAGE
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Residual spectrum after the extraction of 100
waves
Red Residual spectrum
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Spatio-temporal characteristics of identified
paths (100 waves) and their clusterization
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Residual components after the extraction of 100
waves
-110 dBm
-115 dBm
-120 dBm
-125 dBm
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Findings on the residual components

• About 30 of the measured power still remains
  unextracted even if 100 waves were extracted by
  the SAGE.
• The residual component diffuse scattering which
  is hard to characterize by our deterministic
  approach.
• Further investigations on the diffuse components
  should be continued.

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Summary

• Paths and clusters identification based on the
  physical phenomena.
• Whole received power was divided into the
  deterministic components (70) and the diffuse
  components (30).
• Site-specific models are appropriate if the
  indoor UWB channels are simulated, i.e. ray
  tracing diffuse scattering.

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References

• Channel measurement system
• 1 Haneda et. al., UWBST2003, Reston, VA, USA,
• Nov. 2003.
• 2 Haneda et. al., accepted for IWUWBS joint
• with UWBST 2004, Kyoto, Japan, May 2004.
• Channel measurement result
• 3 Haneda et. al., submitted to WPMC04, Padova,
  Italy,
• Sept. 2004.