Chris Booth

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EFFECTS OF NATIONALISM LIBERALISM IN 19TH
CENTURY EUROPECHAPTER 24

• Chris Booth
• World History 9

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connector

• Start this immediately when the bell rings on a
  separate sheet of paper.
• Q. What is a good American? Explain what that
  means and give me an example

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2nd Connector

• p. 680 in text
• What values and goals of your new country do you
  want to show?
• Will your symbols represent your countrys past
  or future?

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What is nationalism?

• Shared traditions, customs, heritage, language,
  religion,
• Those ideas that separate one group of people
  from anothershared identity
• Pride in who you are, where youre from

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What do liberals want?

• Representative governments
• Constitutions
• Rights of the people

What do nationalists want?

• An independent country of their own
• Self-determination

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• When France sneezed, the rest of Europe caught
  cold
• Prince Klemen von Metternich

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Nationalism in 19th Century Europe

• Cause of many revolutions
• Successful
• Greece, 1829
• (Independence from Ottoman Empire)
• Belgium, 1830
• Must remain neutral
• Unsuccessful
• 1830s Italy, Germany, Austria (disorganized and
  fragmented)
• 1848 Italy, Germany, Austria (disorganized and
  fragmented)
• Crushed by the Concert of Europe
• Weakened Empires
• Austria becomes Austria-Hungary (Dual Monarchy)
  or the Austro-Hungarian Empire (Separated at end
  of WWI)
• Ottoman Empire loses the Balkan Peninsula and
  parts of North Africa (Dissolved after WWI-only
  Turkey remains)
• Causes Empires to become even more autocratic
• Russia Russification, pograms aimed at Jews

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Unification of Germany

• Otto von Bismarck-Conservative Junker
• iron and blood Chancellor?
• Ignored Parliament Constitution and fought
  wars
• Three wars
• Denmark-win border provinces
• Austria (Seven Weeks War) Superior training and
  equipment
• France (Franco-Prussian War) Why? Southern
  Germans were Catholics and made France look bad
• Industrialization
• Heavy industry and railroads. Q. What did this
  create?
• Wealth for government and for people
• Kaiser Wilhelm I of Prussia
• Named Emperor of Second Reich. What was first?
• Holy Roman Empire. What was third?
• The Nazi Party under Adolf Hitler

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Unification of Italy

• Count Camillo de Cavour
• Prime Minister of Sardinia - SUCCESS
• Industrialized to keep up with the rest of Europe
• Expanded Empire through war with Austria
• Gained Lombardy in North
• Giuseppe Garibaldi the Red Shirts
• Unified southern Italy and Sicily
• Joined forces with Cavour
• Unified Venice, Rome, and Papal States
• Pope demanded that Vatican City be totally
  independent of Italy
• Italy becomes a constitutional monarchy ? Victor
  Emmanuel II

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Push-Pull Factors of Nationalism

• Push
• When a region, empire, country has many ethnic
  groups who are forced to live together
  rivalries may occur
• Voice in the government
• haves vs. have-nots economic strength
• Prejudices, discrimination, scapegoats . . .
• Can tear a region apart

• Pull
• When common goals are present within an ethnic
  group, nationalism can draw people to cooperate
  with each other to achieve those goals
• Common threat, natural disasters

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review

• What are the top 3 reasons you believe Italy and
  Germany unified their countries?
• Nationalism shared culture, history, language,
  etc
• Industrialization Creates wealth
• Strong leadership and partnership with other
  leaders in country
• How can nationalism be both a unifying force and
  a disunifying force?
• Unifying unite people of same ethnic group,
  same beliefs
• Disunifying separate people along ethnic lines,
  cause persecution of certain groups

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Europe in 1871