Damping And Resonance

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Damping And Resonance
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Damping

• In any real oscillating system, the amplitude of
  the oscillations decreases in time until
  eventually stopping altogether
• Effect is called damping
• Generally due to air resistance or internal
  friction
• Energy dissipated to thermal energy over time

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Effects of Damping

• Damping does alter the frequency slightly, but
  not enough to matter in SHM equations

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Resonance

• Every vibrating system has its own natural
  frequency
• If you try to vibrate the system at other than
  its natural frequency, it will bounce around but
  never reach any great amplitude
• For example, if you push on a swing at random
  frequency

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• If you push on the object at the same frequency
  as its natural frequency, the amplitude will
  increase dramatically
• This effect is called resonance
• The natural vibrating frequency of an object is
  its resonant frequency

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Breaking Glass

• Music note played at same frequency as the
  natural vibrating frequency of a crystal glass
  will cause a forced vibration of the crystal
• If resulting vibration is great enough in
  amplitude that it exceeds the glasss elastic
  limit, the glass shatters

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