Ammonia

1
Ammonia Good for Business Great for the
Environment

• Bruce Badger, President
• International Institute of
• Ammonia Refrigeration

2
The Business Decision

• The refrigeration system is a utility service for
  cold stores, food processors and other industrial
  users. It is not the primary focus of their
  business.
• Mandate lower the cost of operation.
• Most efficient refrigerant ammonia
• Lowest cost refrigerant ammonia
• Lowest leak rate ammonia

3
The Environmental Decision

• Reduce environmental impact of business
  operations
• Select the lowest Global Warming Potential
  refrigerant ammonia
• Select the lowest Ozone Depleting refrigerant
  ammonia

4
Other Considerations (costs)

• Regulatory Compliance meeting the obligations
  for refrigeration system design, operator
  training, operator certification, refrigerant
  charge limitations, reports, registrations
  (filings)
• Sustainability investment in refrigeration that
  will continue to be efficient and compliant with
  regulations for the life of the facility

5
Case Study

• A 150,000 sq. ft. (13935 m2)
• Central ammonia system VS multiple split
  halocarbon R-507 system.
• The distribution center was assumed to be new
  construction

6
Case Study Considerations

• Initial Construction
• Energy and Operating Costs
• Maintenance costs
• Major Component Replacement Costs

7
Simple Payback

• Initial cost difference
• 2,100,000 1,892,000 208,000
• Operational Cost Difference
• 453,663 329,825 123,838
• Simple Pay-Back
• 208,000 first cost difference
• 123,838 annual savings 1.68 years

8
20 Year Life Cycle Comparison

• Initial Construction Cost Difference
• 2,100,000 (Ammonia) 1,892,000 (Halocarbon)
  208,000
• Total 20 Year Operational Cost Difference
• 11,282,147 (Ammonia) 16,161,757
  (Halocarbon) 4,880,610
• Investing an extra 208,000 in construction costs
  results in a 4.88 Million savings over 20 years.

9
Sustainable Benefits

• Self-alarming odor helps to detect leaks and
  minimize emissions.
• Low replacement cost
• Requires less primary energy to produce a given
  refrigeration effect than other common
  refrigerants (highest coefficient of performance)
• Naturally occurring green substance
• No potential for ozone depletion (Ozone Depletion
  Potential 0)
• No potential for direct global warming impact
  (Global Warming Potential 0)

10
Detailed Case Study Available

• www.iiar.org