African%20Kingdoms

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African Kingdoms
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AFRICA

• RESOURCES salt, iron, gold, copper (mineral
  wealth)
• REGIONS
• Sahara
• Sahel
• Southern Africa
• Rain Forest
• Coastal Plains
• Savanna

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Coastal Plain
Sahara
Southern Africa
Sahel
Rain Forest
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Welcome to Africa!

• 5 Kingdoms of Africa Ghana, Mali, Songhai, Axum
  and Zimbabwe
• Located in Western, Eastern and South-Central
  Africa
• Islamic, Christian and Traditional African
  Religions prosper in varied areas and regions
• Africa also has a rich cultural climate

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Kingdom of Axum

• Founded as an Arab colony that replaces Kush for
  power in the East
• Ethiopian Highlands (located in Eastern Africa)
• Triangular trade with India, Africa, and the
  Mediterranean
• Christian Kingdom under King Ezana
• Declined in 1100s

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KINGDOM OF GHANA

• 500 CE-1200 CE (first W African trading state)
• Development of Ghana (Soninke peoples)
• Trade empire Land of GOLD
• Kings of Ghana rule by divine justice
• Notable Wealth and Military
• African culture dominates Ghana
• Adopted Islam through trade
• Sahara trade routes by caravan
• Declined due to wars in 1100s

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KINGDOM OF MALI

• West African Kingdom
• Sundiata (1230-1255 CE) est. Mali after fleeing
  execution in Ghana
• Controlled GOLD and SALT
• Capital at Timbuktu Islamic cultural center
  (blends African and Islamic)
• Mansa Musa economic prosperity and famous Hajj
  to Mecca (makes wealth of Mali famous throughout
  Europe and Middle East)
• Decline of Mali due to weak successors

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KINGDOM OF SONGHAI

• Largest African Empire
• (1462-1586 CE) breaks from Mali
• Sunni Ali founds Songhai controlling GOLD and
  SALT
• Muhammad Ture
• Islamic Law
• Achievements navy, controlled trade,
  government, guns (?)
• Civil War in 1586 splits Songhai

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Zimbabwe

• Along Indian Ocean people who began to migrate
  into East Africa Bantus
• Great Zimbabwe (means Great Stone Buildings)
• 900-1500 BC Bantu peoples
• Indian Ocean trade network
• God-King ruler with large court

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African Culture
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African Life

• Establishment of city-states based on trade
  routes (cultural diffusion SWAHILI)
• Tribal Structure common language, religion and
  history
• Education valued and Crime rates low
• Veneration of ancestors closest to the gods and
  helped the Africans
• Marriage (polygamy and some matrilineal)
• Rituals, ceremony, dance very important
• Polytheistic tribal religion
• Court, ceremonial and every day art

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