Baroque Music

1
Baroque Music
2
The Classical Era
3
The Romantic Era
4
The Turn of the Century
5
Atonality
6
FountainMarcel Duchamp, 1917
7
(No Transcript)
8
The Starry NightVincent van Gogh, 1889
9
The ScreamEdvard Munch, 1893
10
Composition VIIWassily Kandinsky, 1913
11
The 20th Century

• Expressionism is the tendency of an artist to
  distort reality for an emotional effect.
• Expressionistic music was composed by the Second
  Viennese School
• Arnold Schoenberg
• Alban Berg
• Anton Webern

12
Arnold Schoenberg 1874-1951

• Born to a Jewish family in the
• Leopoldstadt district of Vienna.
• Self taught-piano and composition
• In Vienna- orchestrated operas for
• income while composing
• Joined artistic social circles (Mahler, Strauss)
• 1898-Converted to Lutheranism
• 1904-Began teaching harmony, counterpoint and
  composition
• Students Alban Berg, Anton Webern (Second
  Viennese School)

13
Arnold Schoenberg 1874-1951

• 1908-Wife left him for lover
• Increased dissonance in compositions
• Increased compositional output
• Free Atonality
• 1910-Theory of Harmony
• WW1- Service in Army
• Many compositions left unfinished
• 1915-Recluse
• 1921- Debut of 12-tone technique (Emancipation of
  dissonance)

14
Arnold Schoenberg

• 1933-Forced into exile by Hitler, moved to US
• First teaching position in Boston, then LA
• USC, UCLA
• Conflict with Stravinsky
• Compositional output
• Initially Tonal
• Free Atonality
• Pierrot Lunnaire
• Setting of 21 poems for voice and chamber
  ensemble
• Sprechstimme- Spoken voice

15
Arnold Schoenberg

• 12-Tone Technique (Serialism)
• Developed 1921
• All 12 tones are equal
• Basis of composition tone row
• An ordered arrangement of the
• twelve notes of the chromatic scale
• Rules for composition
• The set is a specific ordering of all
• twelve notes of the scale.
• No note is repeated within the set
• The set may be stated in any of its "linear
  aspects" prime, inversion, retrograde, and
  retrograde-inversion.
• The set in any of its four transformations may be
  stated upon any degree of the semitonal scale.

16
(No Transcript)