Human Needs

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Human Needs

• Needs are defined as a lack of something that is
  required or desired.
• Needs motivate the individual to behave or act
  so that the needs will be met if at all possible

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

• Developed by a psychologist named Abraham Maslow
• Certain needs have priority over other needs
• Lower needs must be met before an individual can
  strive for the higher needs

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Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
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Physiological Needs

• These are the basic needs required by everyone to
  sustain life
• Food, water, oxygen, elimination of waste
  materials, protection from extreme temperatures
• Sensory needs
• If not met, a person may die

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Safety

• Includes the need to be free from anxiety and
  fear and the need to feel secure in the
  environment
• The need for order and routine and stablility

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• New environment, divorce, job loss, disease,
  illness or injury can threaten an individuals
  sense safety

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Love and Affection

• Social acceptance, friendship, and love
• The need to belong, to relate to others and win
  approval of others
• Must be able to give and receive affection and
  love

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Sexuality

• Sexuality is both a part of the need for love and
  affection as well as a physiological need
• Sexuality is
• Peoples feelings concerning their masculine or
  feminine natures
• Their ability to give and receive love and
  affection
• Their roles in reproduction of the species

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Sexuality

• Sexuality involves a persons feelings and
  attitudes, not just the persons sexual
  relationships
• Sexuality extends throughout the life cycle

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Esteem

• Feeling important and worthwhile includes
  respect, approval, appreciation
• We engage in activities that bring achievement,
  success, and recognition
• We gain self-confidence and begin to direct our
  actions toward becoming what we WANT to be

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Self-Actualization

• Self-realization obtaining our full potential
  becoming confident, eager to express our beliefs,
  and willing to reach out to others to help them

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When needs are felt we are motivated to act. If
we are successful, we feel satisfaction,
pleasure, fulfillment. If the needs are not met,
we feel tension, and frustration,
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Needs

• If several needs are felt at one time and
  individual must decide which is the strongest
• People feel needs at different levels of intensity

• As we grow older we learn more effective ways to
  meet our needs

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To Meet Our Human Needs

• We usually learn what works by trial-and-error
• Direct methods v. Indirect methods

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To Meet Our Human Needs

• Direct work at meeting the need and obtaining
  satisfaction
• Hard work
• Realistic goals
• Evaluate the situation
• Cooperate with others

• Indirect Methods work at reducing the need or
  relieving the tension and frustration created by
  the unmet needs. Need is still present, but its
  intensity decreases

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Defense Mechanisms

• Provides a method for maintaining self-esteem and
  relieving discomfort
• Some use is helpful to cope with certain
  situations
• Some is harmful(unhealthy) if substituted for
  more effective ways of dealing with situations

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Defense Mechanisms

• Rationalization using reasonable excuse or
  acceptable explanation for behavior in order to
  avoid the real reason or true motivation
• Projection placing the blame for ones own
  actions or inadequacies on someone else or on
  circumstances rather than accepting the the
  responsibility for actions

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Defense Mechanisms

• Displacement transferring the feelings about
  one person to someone else usually occurs
  because cannot direct the feelings towards the
  person who is responsible
• Compensation substitution of one goal for
  another goal in order to achieve success

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Defense Mechanisms

• Daydreaming dreamlike thought process that
  occurs when a person is awake. Provides means of
  escape when a person is not satisfied with
  reality
• Repression The transfer of unacceptable or
  painful ideas, feelings, and thoughts into the
  unconscious mind

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Defense Mechanisms

• Denial involves disbelief of an event or idea
  that is too frightening or shocking for a person
  to cope with
• Withdrawal
• Cease to communicate
• Remove themselves physically from a situation

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Defense Mechanisms

• Minimization trivializing significance on ones
  behavior
• Regression resorting to earlier stage of life

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Defense Mechanisms

• Reaction-formation Act opposite to how you feel
• Intellectualization use of academic-type
  explanation to separate personal feelings from
  painful event

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Stress Reactions

• Stress reactions develop when defense mechanisms
  are inadequate
• Chronic complaining and demanding behavior
• Agitation with manipulative behavior
• Restlessness
• Sleeplessness
• Depression-be alert for potential suicide
• Withdrawal

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To Meet the Needs of Others

• Personalized healthcare focuses on the patient
  and meeting their needs and expectations

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Challenges

• Meet the patients needs to the best of your
  ability
• Set standards of excellence for yourself