Landscape Development

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Stream Drainage Patterns
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Start by reading the first page of the notes!
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THE BEDROCK OF IN AN AREA WILL CAUSE STREAMS TO
DRAIN IN A PATTERN
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• THAT CAN BE SEEN FROM
• OVER-HEAD (airplane).
• THESE ARE CALLED

DRAINAGE PATTERNS
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Mississippi River Delta
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Match the geologic structures belowTo the
drainage patterns they would create.



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THIS OCCURS WHEN
Rock resistance is all similar
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• Like the veins in a leaf
• Horizontal rock layers
• Most common

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WATER FLOWS DOWN HILL FOLLOWING THE PATH OF
LEAST RESISTANCE
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THIS OCCURS IN THE AREA OF A STRUCTURAL DOME
with rock layers of variable resistance
surrounding the center of the dome
WATER FLOWS IN THE PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE
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FOLLOWING THE PATH OF LEAST RESISTANCE
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STAGES IN LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT

• THE MATURITY OF A LANDSCAPE DEPENDS UPON THE
  PORTION OF THE LAND THAT HAS BEEN WORN DOWN TO OR
  NEAR
• BASE LEVEL (NOT SEA LEVEL)

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THE 3 STAGES OF LANDSCAPE MATURITY
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YOUNG

• 1.MUCH OF THE LAND AT HIGH ELEVATIONS
• 2. STEEP HILL SLOPES
• 3. FAST STREAMS
• 4. DEEP V-SHAPED VALLEYS

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MATURE

• 1. ROUNDED HILL SLOPES (IF MOIST CLIMATE)
• 2. STREAM VALLEYS ARE BROAD
• 3. STREAMS BEGIN TO MEANDER

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OLD

• 1. MOSTLY ERODED TO BASE LEVEL
• 2. STREAMS HAVE LOW SLOPE (GRADIENT)
• 3. STREAMS MOVE SLOW MEANDER
• 4. FERTILE AND THICK SOIL HORIZON A

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CAN CAUSE OLD LANDSCAPES TO BEREJUVINATED BACK
TOYOUNG AGAIN
UPLIFT
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• ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND CONSERVATION CAN HELP
  TO PRESERVE OUR
• SOIL,WATER,AND AIR

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Notice how the rock types weather differently
Differences in rock resistance creates varied
and interesting landscapes.
shale
Which rock is least resistant?
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THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON LANDSCAPE
Humid (moist) Arrid (dry)
Slope
Soil
Type of Weathering
gentle
steep
Fertile Thick A layer
rocky
Chemical due to Increased amount Of moisture
Physical due to abrasion