Week 11

1
Week 11

• The Environment
• Globalization

2
Review Week 10

• Relations Between Developing and Developed
  Nation-States
• Competing theoretical views
• Strategies of development
• Historical and Future Issues
• The Politics of Oil
• OPEC
• Other commodity producers

3
Outline

• The Environment
• Two approaches to management
• A Security Issue
• Rio and Kyoto protocols
• Globalization Non-state actors
• Effects on states
• Types of influence

4
Tragedy of the Commons

• Self-interested behavior makes everyone worse off
• Benefits are concentrated
• Costs are diffuse
• Analogy commons in English village

5
Tragedy of the Commons

• http//www.odu.edu/dearnest/abm/commons.html

6
Tragedy of the Commons

• Two approaches
• International regimes
• Market Solutions

7
Disparities

• Developed World
• 17 percent of population
• 12.4 metric tons of CO2 emission per person
• 5,421 kg of oil per capita

• Developing World
• 83 percent of the population
• 2.2 metric tons per person
• 968 kg of oil per capita

Source World Development Indicators 2005, World
Bank
8
A Security Issue

• Economic impacts
• Cross-border effects
• Competition for scarce resources

9
International Efforts

• CFC Agreement
• Rio Summit 1992
• Kyoto Summit 1997
• Market-based solutions

10
Ecocide

• Former Soviet Union
• China today?

11
Non-state actors

• Review
• International organizations
• NGOs
• Networks

12
Non-state actors

• Effects on states
• Constrain behavior
• Define/re-define interests

13
Four types of influence

• Knowledge

14
Four types of influence

• Money

15
Four types of influence

• Organizational power

16
Four types of influence

• Legitimacy/moral authority