Wind Power

1
Wind Power

• Susan Zobitne, Chelsea Fufaro, Tim Bousson

2
Introduction

• Wind power - power obtained by harnessing the
  energy of the wind
• Wind farms an area of land with a group of
  energy producing windmills or wind turbines
• Windmill a building with sails/vanes in the
  wind and generate power to grind grain into
  flower
• Wind turbine also referred to as a wind power
  plant, a device that converts kinetic energy from
  the wind into electric current

3
How a turbine works

• The energy in the wind turns two or three
  propeller blades around a rotator
• The rotator connected to the main shaft spins,
  generating electricity

4
Objectives

• Wind power growth
• Laws/regulations impacting wind power
• Production developed/undeveloped areas
• Development
• Construction
• Operation
• Lifespan/sustainability
• Technical impediments to development/deployment
  of wind power
• Environmental/social/political issues

5
Evidence supporting wind power as a significant
energy source in the future

• Plentiful
• Renewable
• Clean
• Consistent/reliable
• Denmark
• China

6
(No Transcript)
7
(No Transcript)
8
Why wind might not be major source in the future

• Cost
• Wind 8.2 cents/kWh
• Advanced clean coal 11 cents per kWh
• Nuclear, same as clean coal
• Advanced natural gas-burning plants 6.3
  cents/kWh

• Subsidies/efficiency

9
(No Transcript)
10
Laws/regulations impacting wind power

• Individual state regulations
• Noise Control Act

11
Productions developed areas

• Wind power depends upon the ability of moving air
  to drive blades on a turbine that in turn
  produces electricity. It is renewable in the
  sense that we will never run out of moving air.
  Also, wind power produces essentially no carbon
  emissions.

12
Productions minimally developed

• DEVELOPMENT
• Monitor/confirm site wind resource
• One of the first and most important steps in the
  development process is to confirm
• the initial wind speed assessment install a
  temporary meteorological mast on the site fitted
  with an array of anemometry equipment.
• The more data we can gather the better Generally
  at least 12-24 months worth before taking a
  project into construction.

13

• Consult with individuals and organizations with
  an interest in the project Begin permitting
  process at the same time as gathering wind data.
  This will include detailed site surveys and
  environmental studies which are supported or
  performed by specialist independent consultants.
  The scope of these depends on the characteristics
  of a particular site but would typically include
• Ornithology
• Ecology
• Landscape
• Archaeology
• Ground conditions hydrology
• Traffic and transport
• Aviation (FAA)
• Noise
• Socio-economic impact
• Begin grid interconnection process

14

• CONSTRUCTION
• In parallel with this, an agreement is entered
  with grid management organization to connect the
  wind farm to the grid.
• Complete pre-construction activities
• Receive Wind Turbine Components
• Install Wind Turbines and interconnect with the
  grid

15

• OPERATION
• Between 9 and 18 months and, once complete, the
  wind farm then moves into the operational phase.
• Modern wind farms are fully automatic,
  continually reconfiguring themselves to extract
  to most energy out of the prevailing wind
  conditions, and are managed using remote
  telemetry from an off-site operations center

16
(No Transcript)
17
Wind power sustainability/ lifespan

• Lifespan 20-25yrs approx.
• Since wind speed is not constant, a wind farm's
  annual energy production is never as much as the
  sum of the generator nameplate ratings multiplied
  by the total hours in a year. The ratio of actual
  productivity in a year to this theoretical
  maximum is called the capacity factor.
• Its consistent year to year Many variations
  over shorter time scales.
• As the proportion of wind power in a region
  increases, a need to upgrade the grid, and a
  lowered ability to supplant conventional
  production can occur.56
• Power management techniques such as having excess
  capacity storage, geographically distributed
  turbines, dispatchable backing sources, storage
  such as pumped-storage hydroelectricity,
  exporting and importing power to neighboring
  areas or reducing demand when wind production is
  low, can greatly mitigate these problems.
• Weather forecasting permits the electricity
  network to be readied for the predictable
  variations in production that occur
• Worldwide there are now over two hundred thousand
  wind turbines operating, with a total nameplate
  capacity of 282,482 MW as of end 2012

18
Technical impediments to development/deployment
of wind power

• Environmental effects of wind power are
  relatively minor.
• Danger to birds and bats has been a concern in
  some locations.
• Noise levels
• Power Curtailment
• Wind towers require aircraft warning lights,
  which create bothersome light pollution

19
Overcoming impediments?

• Many of the impediments cannot be overcome.

20
Environmental problems

• Impact on wildlife
• Land use/ Aesthetic problems
• Other concerns

21
Social/political problems

• Noise
• Power Availability and Transmission
• Invasion of space
• Problems with poor practice
• Social Disruption
• Other problems

22
Conclusion

• Wind power production is growing worldwide
• It is a clean, renewable resource that is
  reliable
• There are regulations in place concerning wind
  power
• It has a lifespan of 20-25 years
• It has relatively minor environmental effects

23
Works cited

• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power
• http//www.eia.gov/cneaf/solar.renewables/page/win
  d/wind.html
• http//science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/gre
  en-science/wind-power.htm
• http//www.ucsusa.org/clean_energy/our-energy-choi
  ces/renewable-energy/how-wind-energy-works.html
• http//www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/wind.htm
• http//www.windpowermonthly.com/
• http//www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/
• http//windeis.anl.gov/guide/concern/