Complex Sentences

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Complex Sentences

• Today we will differentiate1 between independent
  and dependent clauses.
• 1 Differentiate- to perceive the difference

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Complex Sentences

• Complex sentences contain clauses1.
• 1 A clause is a group of words that contains
  both a subject and a verb.
• There are two types of clauses
• An independent clause can stand alone as a
  sentence. Marianne got an award.
• A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a
  sentence because she won first place.

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Complex Sentences

• A dependent clause often begins with a connecting
  word such as before, when, or because. These
  connecting words are often called conjunctions.
• Examples
• since I was eight years old
• because I didnt want to be late
• as soon as I get home

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Conjunctions

• Conjunctions connect two clauses in a sentence.
• Some conjunctions tell where, when, why, how, or
  under what condition.
• Conjunctions
• where when why how although
• because before as as if if
• after since as soon as unless
• as though

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Independent vs. Dependent Clauses

• An independent clause can stand alone as a
  sentence. Marianne got an award.
• A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a
  sentence because she won first place.
• Steps
• Read the text.
• Look for conjunctions that indicate a dependent
  clause.
• Look for a subject and a verb which indicates an
  independent clause.
• Decide if the clause is independent or dependent.

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• Identify independent or dependent clauses by
  writing and i or a d next to it
• The night became very dark.
• When a cloud hid the moon.
• Gracie reads books about the moon.
• As soon as she comes home.
• People weigh less on the moon.
• Because gravity is weaker there.
• Ive studied stars and planets.
• Since I was eight years old.

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• Identify independent or dependent clauses by
  writing and i or a d next to it
• It was raining yesterday.
• After it started raining.
• I was really hungry.
• When I got home.
• I hope I dont get sick.
• Since it is getting colder.
• I cant wait to read my book.
• Because it is really interesting.

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Closure

• What is an independent clause?
• What is a dependent clause?
• Name two conjunctions.
• Which type of clause often starts with a
  conjunction?

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Complex Sentences

• Today we will identify independent and dependent
  clauses in complex sentences and punctuate
  accordingly.

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Complex sentences

• A complex sentence includes an independent
  clause1 and one or more dependent clauses2.
• 1 An independent clause can stand alone as a
  sentence. Marianne got an award.
• 2A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a
  sentence because she won first place.

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Punctuation and Complex Sentences

• When a dependent clause begins a sentence, it is
  usually followed by a comma After I heard the
  alarm, I got up.
• When an independent clause begins a sentence, it
  usually is not followed by a comma Henry tried
  to get an autograph after the concert ended.

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• Combine each pair of sentence using the given
  conjunction. Write a comma when needed
• The night became very dark. A cloud hid the moon.
  (when)
• (as soon as) She comes home. Gracie reads books
  about the moon.
• People weigh less on the moon. Gravity is weaker
  there. (because.)
• (since) I was eight years old. Ive studied stars
  and planets.

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• Draw a line between the independent and dependent
  clauses. Write an i or a d underneath each
  clause according to the type.
• The night became very dark when a cloud hid the
  moon.
• As soon as she comes home, Gracie reads books
  about the moon.
• People weigh less on the moon because gravity is
  weaker there.
• Since I was eight years old, Ive studied stars
  and planets.

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Combine each pair of sentence using the given
conjunction. Write a comma when needed 1) (as)
The astronaut eats his meal. He floats around in
the rocket. 2) (after) Light leaves a star. It
takes thousands of years to reach Earth. 3)
(while) Eat some freeze dried snacks. You work
at the computer. 4) (where) He goes to the
library. He reads books about space.
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Complex Sentences Draw a line between the
independent and dependent clauses. Write an i or
a d underneath each clause according to the
type. 1) The astronaut eats his meal as he
floats around in the rocket. 2) After light
leaves a star, it takes thousands of years to
reach Earth. 3) Eat some freeze dried snacks
while you work at the computer. 4) He goes to
the library where he reads books about space.
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Closure

• What is a complex sentence?
• How do you usually punctuate a sentence that
  starts with a dependent clause?
• How do you usually punctuate a sentence that
  starts with an independent clause?