?e??

1
?e??ßa????t??? ????t???????????s? t??
?e??ß?????t????t?µ?s? ?e??ßa????t???? ?p?pt?se??

• ??µ?? ?at??µp????
• ???

2
?as???? a????p??e? ep?d???e??

• ?sf??e?a ep?ß??s?, ??e?a, ?ataf???? ??a?t?
  e??????? f?s?? ?a? ape????
• ??es? e?e??a, ap??a?s?, a?a????

3
???pt??? ?a? ?e??ß?????

• ??a???? s??????s?
• ?p???s? d?a t?? a?????
• ?p???s? d?a t?? s?ed?asµ??
• ?p???s? µe pa?eµß?se??

4
(No Transcript)
5
(No Transcript)
6
?e??ßa????t???? a??e?

• F?s?-d?µ? ????s?st?µ?t??
• F?s?-?e?t?????a ????s?st?µ?t??
• F?s?-a?s??t??? t?p???
• ?????p??? ??e?a (s?µat???)
• ?????p??? ??e?a (??????)
• ?????p??? a?a????-ap??a?s?
• ??a????s? a?a?e?s?µ?? p????
• ?p???e?a µ? a?a?e?s?µ?? p????

7
???s?µa e??t?µata

• ?? ?????µe ?a d?at???s??µe
• ??s? ?a d?at???s??µe (se s??s? µe t??
  ep???t??µe?? a??pt???)
• ??? ?a t? ?????µe (µ?? a??????ta? µe
  te???????a)
• G?at? ?a t? ?????µe (a?ta??a ????? ??e?a
  s?µf???? e????? a?s??t???)

8
??d?af????ta st? pe??ß?????

• ?a?a??? a??a?
• ?a?a?? ?e??
• ?p??s?a t?????t?ta?
• ?pa??? ?????da?, pa??da?
• ?a?a?s??t? t?p??
• ?s???a
• Sta?e?? ???µa

9
St???? ??a ta f?s??? ????s?st?µata

• ??at???s? ???? e????e?a?
• ??at???s? f?s???? ??????
• ??asf???s? p?????? a????ep?d???t?? p????sµ??
• ???stas?a e?d???? ß??t?p??
• ???stas?a e?d???? e?d?? ?????da?-pa??da?

10
St???? ??a t? f?s??? t?p??

• ???stas?a ?d?a?te??? f?s???? ? p???t?st????
  ?a?a?t???st???? e??? t?p?? µe a?s??t??? a??a
  (e?a??et? t?p??)
• ??at???s? ?a?a?t???st???? t?p?? t?p??? ?e????te?a
  se ??a e???te?? ???? (?a??µe???? t?p??)

11
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - p?a??t??

• ?a???sµ?a ???µa?s?-???µat??? a??a??
• ?p?d?s?s?-e??µ?p???s?-d?at??a?? ?d?????????
  ??????
• ?e??s? st??ß?da? ????t??

12
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - atµ?sfa??a

• ????a ??µ??? ??pa?s? p??e??, ß??µ??a?????
  pe??????
• ????a ??pa?s? es?te????? ?????
• ????? ß????
• T???ß??
• Te?µ??? ??pa?s?
• ??t???ß???e?, ?ad?e????e?a

13
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - ?e??

• ??pa?s?-?p?ß??µ?s?
• T??assa?
• ??taµ??
• ??µ???
• ????t?p??
• ?p??e??? ?e???

14
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - ????s?st?µata

• ??ata?a?? ß???e???µ???? ?????? (?????? ????a?a,
  a??t??, f?sf????)
• ?p??e?a ß??p??????t?ta?
• ?a???s?a G.?.?., ?e?et??? ??pa?s?

15
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - t?????t?ta

• ???s?ss??e?s?
• ???f???? a??ss?de?-ß??µe?????s?
• ?e??ß??t??? (xenobiotics)
• ??pa?s? ed?f???

16
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - t?p??

• ??s??t??? ?p?ß??µ?s?
• F?s???? t?p???
• ???e??
• ????t???? ?????
• ????t?st???? st???e???

17
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? - d??st?µa

• ??pa?s? µe s??t??µµ?a s?s?e??? ? ap?ß??ta

18
?at?stas? pe??ß?????t?? ????da?

• ????a ??pa?s? p??e?? (??µ???-???t???-?e?µ???)
• ?p????µµata - t?????t?ta
• ???ß??s?-e??µ?p???s?
• ??pa?s? ?p??e??? ?e???
• ?pe?e?µet???e?s? ?e???
• ?p?ß??µ?s? ????s?st?µ?t??
• ?p?ß??µ?s? f?s???? ?a? p???t?st???? t?p???

19
?????f???s? ??a p??stas?a a???????? t?p?? µe
?????????? ? a?s??t??? a??a ?a? ??a p??????
ep?pt?se??

• St???e?a ??a t?p??? ?d?a?t???? f?s???? ???????
  ?/?a? s?µa?t????? ß??t?p??? www.itia.ntua.gr/filo
  tis
• (p????f???e? ?a? ???te?)

20
?e??ßa????t???? de??te?

• ??t?p?sµ?? s?µas?a? pe??ßa????t???? p??ß??µ?t??
  se s??s? µe ????????? e?d?af????ta
• ?p??e?µ??e? pa??µet??? p?? µp????? ?a e?t?µ?????
  p?s?t??? ? p???t???
• ???ss?da ep?pt?se?? d?ast????t?te?gtap?te??sµata
• ?e??te? µa???? ap? t?? a?????? a?t?e?
• a?t?p??s?pe???? t?? ?at?stas? t?? a????p????
  e?d?afe???t?? µe ??a??p???t??? t??p?
• S?µß??????? pe??ßa????t????? st?????
• ?e?t?st?p????? d??se?? p???t???? pe??ß?????t??

21
?a?ade??µata de??t?? ?.?.?.

• ?ata????s? e????e?a? a?? ???
• ?e??d?? ??? a?? ???
• ????µ?? p?????? a?? a???t??? ??tas?
• ????µ?? ?pe?ß?se?? ????? a????? ??p??
• ????t?s? ?????? ap? ap?ß??ta
• ???s? ?e??? a?? t?µ?a pa?a?????
• ????t?ta pa???t??? ?e???
• ?at????? f?s???? ? a???t???? ???
• ?ata?e?µat?sµ?? f?s???? e?d?a?t?µ?t??
• ???se?? se d?s? ? ????t?p???
• ??s?st? pe??ßa????t???? f????

22
S??µa DPSIR (?.?.?.)

• ?e??ßa????t???-?????????-??????µ??? s?st?µa
• ????t???e? d???µe??
• ???se??
• ?at?stas?
• ?p?pt?se??
• ?p????se??

23
(No Transcript)
24
???pt??? ?a? ?e??ß?????

• F?sµa ap??e??
• ???a?a a?apt???a?? (f??e?e??e??sµ??te???????a)
• ???a?a ?????????? (??ta?? st? f?s?)
• ?et???pa??? ?????????? (????a??pt???)
• ?et???pa??? a?apt???a?? (ae?f???a/pe??ßa????t???
  p???t???)

25
????? ?? ß?s? pe??ßa????t???? p???t????

• ??µ???at??? a???
• ?p?f?se?? p?e????f?a? seßasµ?? µe????f?a?
• (p???p???se?? a????p??e?t??sµ??,
  e??µ???s?, ???sµ?? p?e????f?a? s??a?t?se?
  t?p??-??????)
• ?????p??a d??a??µata (?st?????? ?ata?t?se??)
• ??e??e??a, ?s?t?ta, d??a??s??? (???t?? d??a???)
• ?????e????, p?????a (???t?? p?????a? ??a ?????p?)
• ??at???s? pe??ß?????t?? (???t?? p?????a? ??a
  pe??ß?????)

26
?e??ßa????t??? p???t???

• ??µ??es?a, ???µ?se??
• ??????s?, µ??a??sµ??
• ?p?st?µ?, te???????a
• ??????µ?a, p???t???? a?? t?µ?a
• ?de?????a e?pa?de?s?, e??µ???s?, s?µµet???

27
?e??ßa????t???? a???? (?.?.)

• ????? ep?ped? p??stas?a?
• ??s? ? d?a??s?µ? ep?st?µ????? ?a? te????? ???s?
• ???? t?? p??????? / p??f??a???
• ???? ?e?ape?a? st?? p???
• ?????? ??pa????t?? (???)
• ?e?f???a (??a p???t?st??? p??s????s?)

28
S??ta?µa 2001 ????? 24

• ?a????af?? 1 ? p??stas?a t?? f?s???? ?a?
  p???t?st???? pe??ß?????t?? ap?te?e? ?p?????s? t??
  ???t??? ?a? d??a??µa t?? ?a?e???. G?a t?
  d?af??a?? t?? t? ???t?? ??e? ?p?????s? ?a pa???e?
  ?d?a?te?a p????pt??? ? ?atasta?t??? µ?t?a st?
  p?a?s?? t?? a???? t?? ae?f???a?....
• ???a??µa t?? p???t? st?? p??stas?a t??
  pe??ß?????t?? ?a? d??at?t?ta t?? d??ast????
  e???s?a? ?a as??se? pe??ßa????t??? p???t???

29
????pa??? ?a? e??????? ??µ??es?a

• ?.?. 85/337
• ?.?.97/11
• ?.?. 01/42
• ?.?. 1180/81
• ?. 1650/86
• ??? 69269/90, 75308/90
• ?. 3010/02
• ??? 15393/02, 11014/03

30
S?µß??? te????????? st?? p??stas?a t??
pe??ß?????t??

• ???tt?s? pa?a??µe??? ??pa?s?? ? ?p?ß??µ?s?? st??
  p??? ?a?a??te?e? te???????e?, ??????????te??
  ??????s?
• ?atap???µ?s? ??pa?s?? se ep?ped? ap?d??t? (end of
  pipe)
• ?p????pa?s?, a?aß??µ?s?
• ?et??se??, pa?a???????s?

31
?p?e? te???????e?

• ??a???s? f?s???? p????
• ???stas?a t?? pe??ß?????t??
• ?p?f??? ?????????? ???d???? (p.?. s?ßa??
  at???µata)

32
?????????? ???s? f?s???? p????

• ?e???????e? a?a?????s??
• ?????????? d?a?e???s? a?a?e?s?µ?? p????
• ?p?e? te???????e?
• ????ß? a??pt???

33
??????µ??? e??a?e?a

• ?p???????se??, ep?d?t?se??
• ????, f????
• ???a??µata (d?ap?a?µate?s?µe? ?de?e?) e?p?µp??
  ??pa?s??

34
??????µ???? ??e??

• ? ?????a t?? ß??s?µ?? ? ae?f???? a??pt????
• ?e??st?p???s? t?? s?µe????? e??µe??a? ?a?
  f???t?da ??a t? pe??ß????? t?? µe????t???? ?e?e??
• ?p?d?as? st?? ??????µ??? d?ast????t?ta
• ???a?? t?? p?a?s??? ep??e???µat???? a?ta????sµ??
  ?a? p?????s? t?? ?a???t?µ?a?
• Tet??? st?s? ???sµ???? µe????? ? p???e??????
  ep??e???se??

35
??????µ???? ??e?? ? e???pa??? p??s????s?

• ???????µ??e? pe??ßa????t???? p??d?a??af??,
  a????s? ?????? ???? p?????t??-d?ast????t?t??,
  p?st?p???se??
• ?e??ßa????t??? ??µ??es?a ?? pa????? a?ta????sµ??
• ??e? te???????e?
• ?p?ß??? ap? t?? e???pa??? a???? ep?ß?aß?? µe??d??
  pa?a?????
• ???e? ep??efa??? Ge?µa??a, ?a??a, ???a?d?a,
  S???d?a, F???a?d?a

36
?p??e???se?? ?a? pe??ß?????

• ?a?????te? s??des?? t?? ep??e???µat???t?ta? µe
  µ?a p??s????s? t?? ae?f???a?
• ??e?µa ?a???t?µ?a?
• ?at??????? ??????µ???? ?a? ?????????? s?µß?ßasµ??
• ?????µa st?? p??s??e? d??se??

37
?st????? a?as??p?s?????t???e? d???µe??-?p?pt?se??

• ???????-s?????te?100000 ?t? p.?.
• ?p?????s? das??, e???t?s? e?d??
  ?????da?-pa??da?
• ?e??????? ep???-Ge?????? pe???d?? 10000 ?t? p.?.
• ?p?d?s?s?, afa??sµ?? e?d??, e??µ?p???s?,
  t?p??? ??pa?s?
• ???µ??a???? pe???d?? 1800-2000
• ?p?d?s?s?, e??µ?p???s?, µe??s?
  ß??p??????t?ta?, ??pa?s? (p?a??t???, t?p???),
  t?????t?ta, d?ata?a?? f?s???? ??????
• ?eta-ß??µ??a???? pe???d??
  ????t?st??? a??a?? p??? ae?f???a

38
?st????? ap????s?

• ? ?????p?? a???a?e? a??pt??e µ?a ep??et??? st?s?
  ap??a?t? st? pe??ß????? t?? (f?s??? ?a? µ? ?µes?
  a????p???)
• ? p??t? p???? t?? p???t?sµ?? ?ta? ? ?atast??f?
  (????µ? ? ????µ?) t?? ???? d?s???
• ?? pe?????sµ??e? te?????????? d??at?t?te? de?
  ep?t?e?a? pe??ss?te?? pe??ßa????t??? ?p?ß??µ?s?
  a?? t??? a???e?
• ???a?? (p???t?st???) ???t??p?a?
  e??µe??a?a?a??t?s? p???t?ta? ?????pe??ßa????t???
  p??stas?a

39
S??????e? ap????se??

• ?e??ßa????t??? a????µata
• ???s??a ??µµata
• ?? ??ße???t???? ???a??se??
• ??e??e?? p??t?ß????e?

40
???p?? ap????s??

• ??µµat???p???s? t?? ????????a?
• ??????????p???s? t?? ??µµ?t??
• ???pt??? eta?????? e??????
• ?????????p???s? t?? ??t?µ?t??
• ??e???p???s? t?? ??t?µ?t??

41
??e??e?? p??t?ß????e?

• ?a ???a t?? a??pt???? Club of Rome 1971
• ???s?e?? ??? ??a t? pe??ß?????, Stockholm 1972
• ???es? Brundtland ?? ????? µa? ??????, 1987
• ???s?e?? t?? G?? Rio 1992
• ??as???e?? Rio

42
Ae?f???? a??pt???

• St???? t?? ae?f???? a??pt???? e??a? ? ??????????
  d?a?e???s? t?? f?s???? p????, ?ts? ?ste ?a
  ??a??p????? t?? a????p??e? a????e? t?? pa???t??
  ????? ?a ?p???µe???? t?? d??at?t?te? t??
  µe????t???? ?e?e?? ?a ??a??p???s??? t?? d????
  t???
• ? ?????a p?????eta? ap? t?? ae?f??? e?µet???e?s?
  t?? d?s???
• ???te??e? µ?a ??s? st? s??????s? µeta??
  pe??ß?????t?? ?a? a??pt????
• ?as??eta? se µ?a ????µ? a?t?fas?
• ?p?te?e? ??a µ??t???? pet???µ??? s????µa p??
  ????ete?ta? ap? ep?st?µ??e?, pe??ßa????t?st?? ?a?
  p???t?????

43
?a?a?t???st??? t?? ae?f???a?

• ?f??? ??a p???p???? s?st?µa µe f?s?????µ????,
  ß?????????, ???????????, ?????????? s???st?se?
• ?pa?te? d?ep?st?µ????? p??s????s?
• ???ß??µata ???????a? ?a? ep????????a? s????
  d?µ???????? ??p??a s????s?
• ???peta? ap? µeta????µ?st??? ??????

44
S??????e? t?se??

• ?pa?t?s? p???t?ta?
• ?p?d???? s?µß?ßasµ?? ae?f???a
• ?p?????? ap???t?? ??se??
• ?a???sµ??p???s? a?t?µet?p?s??
• ?????s??s? ap? d?????t??? se s?µµet?????
  p??s????s?
• ?a?ad??? ??aµµ???? ?????????? a??pt???? µe
  ????t???a d??aµ? t?? te???????a

45
??t?µ?s? pe??ßa????t???? ep?pt?se?? (???)

• ???a?e?? s??d?a??a??? / s?µß?ßasµ?? µeta??
  a??pt???? ?a? pe??ß?????t??
• S???st?se? ?.?.?.
• ?p?st?µ????? a????s?, s?ed?asµ??, te???????a
  (?.?.?. ????? ? d?ast????t?ta?)
• ????????, ep?d???? s??a??es?? (??µ?s??p???s?)
• ?p?ß???, ??e???? t???s?? ???? (?a?a???????s?)

46
St?at????? ?e??ßa????t??? ??t?µ?s? (S.?.?.)

• ?d???a 01/42
• ???tas? p???t????, s?ed???, p????aµµ?t??
• ??t?p?sµ?? ?e????? ep?pt?se??, ep????? ?e?????
  e?a??a?t???? ??se??, ap?te?esµat??? ap??at?stas?
  t?? pe??ß?????t??

47
?e??e??µe?? ?.?.?.

• ?????s? pe??ß?????t??
• ?????s? ?????
• ??a??a?t???? ??se?? (????? ?pa????)
• ??t?µ?s? ep?pt?se??
• ?pa?????t??? µ?t?a (????? ?pa????)
• ?? te????? pe??????
• ?????? ???? ?????

48
??a??a?t???? ??se??

• ??????t?s?
• ???e???
• ???p?? ?atas?e???
• ??e??as?e? ?e?t?????a?
• ????? t??p?? ep?te???? t?? st???? (S.?.?.)

49
?at?????e? ep?pt?se??

• Tet???? a???t????
• ?e???e? µ?????
• ??a??p???esµe? µa???p???esµe?
• ?µese? ?µµese?
• ?????st????
• S??e???st????
• ??ast????µe? ? µ?

50
??ast?e??µ?t?ta s?µa?t??? ??a ae?f???a

• ?p?pt?s? a?ast????µ?
• ??t?µet?p?s?µ?
• ??at???µ?
• ??t?st?ept?
• S?????s? µe µ?de???? ??s?

51
?pa?????t??? µ?t?a

• ??t?a p??????? a?t?µet?p?s?
• ??t?a d?????s?? a??ta??
• ????p???s? d??at?t?ta? f?s???? epa?????s??
• Best available technology not entailing excessive
  cost (BATNEEC)

52
??s?t???p???s? ep?pt?se??

• ???d???? ?s?? µe e?a?s??s?a ep? p?es? RS x P
• ??? a??a??et? p?s?t???p???s? ? ?e?d?p?s?t????
  e?t?µ?se??
• ???t?µ?te?e? ?µ?-p???t???? e?t?µ?se??, p.?.
• -???? µe????
• -?e????
• -??t??a
• -?????
• -???? µ????

53
????d?? e?t?µ?s?? ep?pt?se??

• S??a?t?se?? eµpe??????µ????
• ?at?????? e??t?se??
• ???a?e? ? µ?t??a
• ???te?
• ???t??a

54
??ad??as?e? efa?µ???? (lt2003)

• ???a ?a? d?ast????t?te? ?, ?, G ?at?????a?
• ??ad??as?e? ??????t?s?? ped??? efa?µ???? ?a?
  pe??e??µ???? (screening, scoping)
• ????ata??t??? pe??ßa????t??? e?t?µ?s? ?a?
  a???????s?-???-d?µ?s??p???s? ???µ?d?t?s??
• ???- ??µ?s??p???s?- ??d?s? pe??ßa????t???? ????
  (p.?.)
• ?a?a???????s? t???s?? p.?.,p??sa?µ????

55
?d??aµ?e? ?.?.?.

• ???e??? ?at??????? p????f???a? ?a? p??t??e???
  ded?µ????, ???e??? e?d??e?µ???? ep?st?µ????,
  ?p?t?µ?s? d?ep?st?µ?????t?ta?, ?aµ??? p???t?ta
  e??as?a?
• ?e?????at?a µe?et?t??, fa?at?sµ?? t?p????
  ?????????, ?a???sµ?? p???t????
• ???e??e?? ??at???? µ??a???, ?aµ??? p??te?a??t?ta
  pe??ß?????t??

56
???stas?a f?s???? pe??ß?????t?? ap? te????? ???a

• ?????? p??state??µe??? t?p??
• St?at????? pe??ßa????t??? e?t?µ?s?
• ??t?µ?s? pe??ßa????t???? ep?pt?se??
• ?p?f??? ??pa?s??
• ?p?f??? a?????se?? ?a? ????se?? ß??t?p??
• ?p?f??? ?p?ß??µ?s?? t?p???