ECONOMICS STANDARD ONE (a):

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ECONOMICS STANDARD ONE (a) Students will
analyze how changes in technology, costs, and
demand interact in competitive markets to
determine or change the price of goods and
services. HISTORY STANDARD ONE (a) Students
will examine historical materials relating to a
particular region, society, or theme analyze
change over time, and make logical inferences
concerning cause and effect.
LEARNING ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

• Under what market conditions does price change?
• Is change inevitable?
• (3) How did technology and westward expansion
  impact the emerging industrial nation?

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• UNIT V - The Industrial Revolution
• Industrial Revolution
• A. Early 1800s (in the United States)
• 1. Long, slow process that completely
• changed the way in which goods
• were produced.

• machines replaced hand tools
• steam power replaced human
• and animal power
• economy gradually began to
• shift from farming to
• manufacturing

• Started in Britain in the
• mid-1700s.

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• Inventors
• 1. James Hargreaves

• spinning jenny could spin several
• threads at once

2. Edmund Cartwright

• built a loom powered by steam that
• could spin thread

3. Eli Whitney

• created a machine that could
• manufacture interchangeable parts
• for guns

4. Francis Lowell

• created a factory town in Lowell,
• Massachusetts
• combined spinning and weaving
• in order to turn raw cotton into
• finished cloth in the same factory

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• Spinning Jenny
• James Hargreaves

• Loom
• Edmund Cartwright

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• The Factory System
• 1. factory system brought workers and
• machinery together in one place to
• produce goods

• capital money
• capitalist person who invests
• money (capital) in a business in
• order to make a profit

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• Human Resources
• 1. Child Labor

• boys and girls as young as seven
• worked in factories in order to help
• support their families

2. Long Hours

• 12 hours a day
• 6 days a week
• 72 hours a week
• nearly the same hours year round

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• Urbanization
• 1. Movement of the population from
• farms to cities.

• in 1800, only 6 of the nations
• population lived in urban areas
• 1850 15
• Today 81

2. Hazards

• dirt and gravel streets turned into
• mud holes when it rained
• no sewers and people threw
• garbage into the streets
• disease easily spread influenza
• and cholera killed hundreds

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3. Attractions

• theaters, museums, circuses
• hat shops, china shops, shoes stores
• fancy-goods stores