INJURIES TO THE THIGH, LEG, AND KNEE

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INJURIES TO THE THIGH, LEG, AND KNEE
INJURIES TO THE THIGH , LEG, AND KNEE

• SKELETAL INJURIES
• SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

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SKELETAL INJURIES
SKELETAL INJURIES

• SKELETAL INJURIES SUCH AS
• Femoral Fracture
• Patellar Fracture
• Dislocation of the Knee (tibiofemoral joint)

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SOFT TISSUE INJURIES

• SOFT TISSUE INJURIES SUCH AS
• Thigh Contusion
• Thigh Strains
• Inflamed Bursae
• Patellar Dislocation/Subluxation
• Osgood-Schlatter Disease
• Jumpers Knee
• Menisci Injuries
• Knee Ligament Injuries (mcl, acl, pcl, and lcl)

SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
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FRACTURED FEMUR

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• - Pain at the site of injury
• - Difficulty moving affected leg
• - Swelling and/or deformity may occur
• - More than likely a one-trauma acute injury
• - The athlete will tell you they felt a SEVERE
  snap or pop at time of injury

FEMORAL FRACTURE
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FRACTURED FEMUR

• FIRST AID CARE
• Be prepared to treat the athlete for shock if
  necessary. Keep victim warm w/ blankets.
• Medical staff will splint the injured leg with a
  traction splint
• Apply sterile dressing to any open wounds
• P.R.I.C.E!!
• Medical staff will monitor vital signs and
  circulation to lower leg
• Call ambulance immediately!!

FEMORAL FRACTURE FIRST-AID CARE
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FRACTURED PATELLA

• -Kneecap Fracture
• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• - SEVERE pain at fracture site
• - Catching or locking of knee
• - Tenderness when pressing kneecap against
  underlying bones
• - Numbness and coldness beyond fracture site if
  blood supply is impaired

PATELLAR FRACTURE
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FRACTURED PATELLA

• FIRST AID
• Keep person warm with blankets to decrease shock
  risk.
• Cut away clothing. DONT move the injured knee
  to remove clothing!
• Medical staff will immobilize the hip joing and
  ankle joint before transport.
• P.R.I.C.E!!
• Call ambulance immediately!

PATELLAR FRACTURE FIRST-AID
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DISLOCATED KNEECAP

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• A feeling of the knee giving way
• EXCRUTIATING pain in the knee at the time of the
  injury!
• Complete loss of function in knee
• Visible deformity in knee if locked in dislocated
  position
• Tenderness and swelling over entire knee
• Numbness below dislocation from pressure or
  pinching of blood vessels

DISLOCATED PATELLA
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DISLOCATED KNEECAP

• FIRST AID MEASURES
• Keep person warm to decrease shock possibility
• Cut away clothing if possible. Dont move injured
  area
• Immobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints with
  padded splints
• P.R.I.C.E.
• Call Ambulance Immediately!
• The doctor will realign the dislocated bones with
  surgery or without
• This should be done as soon as possible!

DISLOCATED PATELLA FIRST-AID
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THIGH CONTUSION

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Swelling of the Thigh
• Pain and Tenderness in the thigh
• Discoloration of the skin, BLACK AND BLUE

THIGH CONTUSION
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THIGH CONTUSION

• P.R.I.C.E.

THIGH CONTUSION FIRST AID
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HAMSTRING STRAIN

• An injury to the hamstring tendon.
• Mild Strain Slightly pulled muscle.
• No loss of strength
• Moderate Strain Tearing of fibers of muscle,
  tendons, or attachments to bone
• Strength is diminished
• Severe Strain Rupture of muscle, tendon, bone
  attachment with separation. Severe strain
  requires surgery.

HAMSTRING STRAIN
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HAMSTRING STRAIN

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Pain when moving or stretching the leg
• Muscle spasm of injured muscles
• Swelling over the injury
• Weakened leg
• Crackling feeling and sound when injured area is
  pressed with fingers

HAMSTRING STRAIN
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HAMSTRING STRAIN

• HAMSTRING STRAIN FIRST AID
• P.R.I.C.E

HAMSTRING STRAIN TREATMENT
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KNEE EXPLAINED

• http//www.sports-injury-info.com/knee-anatomy-vid
  eo.html

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KNEE BURSITIS

• BURSA A small fluid-filled sac located in many
  parts of the body to help reduce friction between
  bony surfaces.
• INFLAMMATION OF A BURSA IN THE KNEE.
• Varying degrees of bursitis Mild pain to
  Excruciating Pain
• There are bursas in the knee in the following
  areas In front and behind kneecap
• On both sides of the knee
• Behind the knee
• Just above the knee

KNEE BURSITIS
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KNEE BURSITIS

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Pain, especially when moving the knee
• Tenderness
• Swelling
• Redness
• Limitation of motion in knee
• THIS CONDITION USUALLY OCCURS OVER TIME

KNEE BURSITIS
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TREATENT FORKNEE BURSITIS

• ICE MASSAGE
• Take a styrofoam cup, fill it with water and
  freeze it.
• Cut opening on bottom of cup and massage area for
  15 minutes. 3-4 times daily
• After 72 hours apply heat to injured area
• Hot soaks, showers, heating pads
• Elevate as much as possible.

KNEE BURSITIS TREATMENT
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KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYMENISCUS INJURY

• DAMAGE TO CARTILAGE IN THE KNEE AT THE TOP OF THE
  TIBIA
• Usually accompanied by dislocation or ligament
  sprains.

KNEE MENISCUS INJURY
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KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYMENISCUS INJURY

• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Pain and Tenderness in the knee, especially when
  bearing weight
• Locking of the knee joint
• Giving way of the knee
• Water on the knee (sometimes)

KNEE MENISCUS INJURY
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KNEE CARTILAGE INJURYTREATMENT

• FIRST AID MEASURES
• Keep person warm to decrease shock possibility
• Cut away clothing if possible. Dont move injured
  area
• Immobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints with
  padded splints
• P.R.I.C.E.
• Call Ambulance Immediately!

KNEE CARTILAGE INJURY TREATMENT
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COLLATERAL and CRUSCIATELIGAMENT INJURIES
COLLATERAL AND CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURIES

• One of the more common injuries to knee ligaments
  in sports is a SPRAIN to the collateral
  ligaments.
• Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
• Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
• Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)

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MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTINJURY

• Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL)
• THE MOST COMMON
• Occurs when opponent is blocked or hits the
  athletes leg and knee from outside.
• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.
• Pain at site of injury
• Swelling
• Feeling of UNSTABLE KNEE
• May have heard SNAP or POP!

MEDIAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT INJURY
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LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENTINJURY

• Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL)
• Occurs when opponent is blocked or hits the
  athletes leg and knee from inside.
• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.
• Pain at site of injury
• Swelling
• Feeling of UNSTABLE KNEE
• May have heard SNAP or POP!

LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT INJURY
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ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENTINJURY

• Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
• Occurs when athlete makes a very quick cut on a
  hard surface, gets hit from behind, or when the
  femur gets pushed backward while the tibia is
  being held in place (contact sport situation)
• SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
• Athlete reports knee was forced beyond limit.
• Pain at site of injury
• Swelling
• Feeling of UNSTABLE KNEE
• May have heard SNAP or POP!

ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT INJURY
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MCL, LCL, AND ACLTREATMENT

• FIRST AID MEASURES
• Keep person warm to decrease shock possibility
• Cut away clothing if possible. Dont move injured
  area
• Immobilize the knee, hip and ankle joints with
  padded splints
• P.R.I.C.E.
• Call Ambulance Immediately!

MCL, LCL, AND ACL TREATMENT
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OSGOOD-SCHLATTERS

• A disease typically a problem at the junction of
  the patellar tendon and the tibial tuberosity in
  the adolescent athlete.
• There must be a growth plate at the site of the
  tibial tuberosity. Unique to young adults and
  children.
• Constant jumping creates a pull of the patellar
  tendon and its attachment at the tibial
  tuberosity causing inflammation and swelling just
  below the patella.

OSGOOD-SCHLATTERS