Preventing Drug Abuse

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Preventing Drug Abuse

• Chapter 21

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Legal and Illegal Drugs

• Drug use is part of life in the United States
• At one point in our lives all of us have taken
  some sort of prescription or nonprescription drug
  
• What is the difference between the two?
• Prescription drugs must be obtained through a
  written prescription from a physician and can be
  purchased only at a pharmacy

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Legal and Illegal Drugs

• OVER THE COUNTER DRUGS are purchased legally in
  pharmacies and other stores that sell medicine
  without a prescription
• These include pain relievers such as aspirin,
  sleep aides, cold and cough medicine etc.
• Prescription and over the counter drugs are
  legal HOWEVER illegal drugs are chemicals that
  are unlawful because they are dangerous and often
  unpredictable effects outweigh and useful
  purposes the drug may have

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• This is the improper use of drugs
• Can prescription drugs or over the counter be
  misused?
• How??????
• Drug abuse occurs when people intentionally
  misuse any kinds of drugs for non-medical
  purposes.
• http//abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id9353086
  

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Drug Misuses

• http//abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id7949101
  

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Celebrity Prescription Overdoses
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Marilyn Monroe -Sleeping Medication
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Elvis Presley Sleep Aides
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Anna Nicole Smith Anti Depressant and Sleep
Aides
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Heath Ledger Pain killers Anti- Anxiety
Medication
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Chris Penn antihistamine pain killers
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Psychoactive Drugs

• These are chemicals that affect the activity of
  brain cells to alter perception, thought, and
  mood
• These include stimulants, depressants,
  hallucinogens, inhalants, alcohol, and chemicals
  found in marijuana
• these are also called mood altering drugs
• Some of these drugs have a positive medical
  benefit when used correctly

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Side Effects

• What a drug does to your body is called DRUGS
  ACTION
• What you feel or the physical and mental response
  to the drugs action is known as the DRUGS
  EFFECT
• The drugs effect is what makes you feel better
  when it comes to controlled substance

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Side Effects

• SIDE EFFECTS are unwanted, even dangerous,
  physical and mental effects caused by a drug,
  such as nauseam dizziness, or drowsiness
• Side effects can occur with any drugs
• When a drug is repeated used, the body may
  develop a resistance or tolerance to the drug

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Side Effects

• TOLERANCE causes a user to need increasingly
  larger amount of the drug t achieve the desired
  effect.
• OVERDOSE is a serious reaction to an excessive
  amount of a drug.

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Commonly Abused Drugs
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Depressants

• These are psychoactive drugs that slow down brain
  and body reactions
• They slow down heart rates, breathing rates,
  blood pressure, relax muscles and relieve tension
• Sedatives, anti-anxiety and narcotics are types
  of depressants

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Sedatives and Anti-Anxiety Drugs

• SEDATIVES are depressants that relax a person and
  induce sleep
• A BARBITURATE is a type of sedative ( relax a
  person) in small doses, in high doses they induce
  sleep
• Some barbiturates are used to treat those who
  suffer from seizures

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Barbiturate

• Are incredibly addictive
• Abusers usually develop a tolerance very quickly
• Barbiturate abusers do everything slowly, walk,
  slur speech, and even react slowly to their
  environment

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Anti-Anxiety Drugs

• Are also known as tranquilizers
• They slow down nerve activity, lower alertness,
  relax muscle tension
• Examples lexapro, xanax, prozac, cymbalta,
  paxil, klonopin, valium, zoloft

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Narcotics
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Narcotics

• A NARCOTIC is an addictive drug that alters mood
  and behavior, reduces pain, and induces sleep and
  stupor
• This is chemically similar to opium
• OPIUM is a drug from the seed of a poppy plant
• Morphine and codeine ( pain killers) are
  natural compounds that are contained in opium

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Heroin

• Is one of the most frequently abused narcotics in
  the United States
• This is usually injected and is created from
  morphine in a lab
• Users usually ignore pain and fear and seemed to
  be dazed
• Addiction begins after only a few uses
• withdrawal symptoms include sweating, shaking,
  chills, nausea, and cramps

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Heroin

• Heroin addicts are at risk for overdose,
  HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B, depression, coma
• Dealings cut or dilute heroin with additives,
  such as laxatives, sugar and even rat poison!

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Stimulants

• These are drugs that speed up the activities of
  the central nervous system
• They increase heart rates, blood pressure and
  breathing
• Amphetamines and cocaine are both stimulants

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Amphetamines

• These are artificially made stimulants
• It is a prescription drug that are often sold
  illegally
• It gives feeling of well being and high energy,
  once the effects wear off the user is left
  feeling depressed
• this causes the user to take more and begins the
  vicious cycle of abuse

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Cocaine

• Short acting stimulant that affects the nervous
  system
• This is often sniffed into the users nose or
  injected in blood stream
• Cocaine is highly addictive
• Users crash when they come down from the drug
  meaning they get depressed
• Cocaine can induce seizure, heart failure and
  respiratory failure

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Crack

• Crack is when individuals free base cocaine
• This is burning the substance and inhaling the
  fumes
• Because this is so potent it has SHORT but
  powerful effects ( these effects occur within 8
  seconds of being smoked)

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Hallucinogens

• Psychoactive drugs that alter perception,
  thought, and mood
• They are illegal and have no medical use

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LSD

• Strongest known hallucinogen known as lysergic
  acid diethylamide
• Their effects are unpredictable, they can either
  stimulate or depress the central nervous system
• LSD can lead to frightening episodes of bad
  trips, users become so frightened they fear they
  are in real danger