Hazard communication

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Hazard communication

• Chemical Safety on the Job

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We use many chemicals

• We want you to know how to use them safely.
• You will learn about
• The Hazards of chemicals.
• Our written program.
• How chemicals are labeled.
• Safe use of chemicals.
• Material Safety Data Sheets
• Basic procedures for spills.
• Who you can ask for more information.

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Hazards of Chemicals

• There are 2 basic types of chemical hazards
• Physical Hazards
• Health Hazards
• The first rule of Chemical safety is "Know what
  you are working with and how to protect yourself
  and others.

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Physical Hazards

• Chemicals are classified as having Physical
  Hazards if they are
• Explosive
• Compressed Gas
• Combustible Liquids
• Flammable
• Unstable
• Water Reactive
• Oxidizers

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Physical Hazards

• Some chemicals may be safe by themselves, but
  become dangerous when in contact with other
  substances.

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Chemicals with Physical Hazards

• Used only by trained employees.
• Stored in a safe manner.
• Never mixed with other chemicals unless by an
  approved procedure.

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Health Hazards

• Chemicals are classified as being a health hazard
  if they
• Can cause cancer.
• Are poisonous (toxic).
• Cause harm to your skin, internal organs, or
  nervous system.
• Are corrosive - such as acids.
• Cause allergic reactions after repeated exposure.

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Ways Chemicals can enter the body

• Your lungs if you breath fumes, mists or dust.
• Your skin if liquid or dust touches or spills on
  you or splashes in your eyes.
• Your mouth if you eat after handling chemicals.
• Accidental swallowing of a chemical.

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Health Effects

• Some chemicals affect specific organs such as
  your kidneys, liver, reproductive or nervous
  system.

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Our Written Hazard Communication Program provides

• Written information on hazards.
• Lists Chemicals we use and their hazards.
• System for ensuring chemicals are labeled.
• Means to ensure we have an Material Safety Data
  Sheet (MSDS) for each chemical.

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Our Written Hazard Communication Program

• Lists who is responsible for the program.
• Provides chemical specific safety training
  methods.
• Tells you where to find chemical safety
  information.
• You can see a copy of our written program by
  asking you supervisor.

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Labeling of Chemicals

• Chemical Labels provide information on Identity,
  Hazards and Safe Use.
• All chemical containers are labeled by the
  manufacturer.
• Our company may place additional labels on the
  containers.

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Labeling of Chemicals

• If chemicals are placed in another container,
  this new container must have a label placed on
  it.
• All containers must be properly labeled.

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Uniform Labeling System

• Our Company Uniform Labels are used to ensure
  we have one labeling system.
• These may be placed on containers when chemicals
  are delivered to us or chemicals are transferred
  to other containers.

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2 Basic Uniform Labels

• HMIS - Hazardous Material Identification System
• NFPA - National Fire protection Association
• Both types must identify the chemical name and
  hazards

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Uniform Labels

• Pictures may be used to identify hazards and
  required protection.
• This Information may also be on the
  Manufacturers label.

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HMIS NFPA labels are very similar

• Both use colored boxes to identify specific
  hazards.
• Numbers or codes in the boxes tell you the hazard
  value - higher number higher hazard.

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NFPA HMIS Label Colors

• Red - Fire Hazard
• Blue - Health Hazard
• Yellow - Reactivity Hazard - explosive, unstable
• White - Special Hazards - corrosive, radioactive,
  water reactive, acid

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NFPA Label

• The purpose of the NFPA 704 labeling system is to
  provide a way of quickly identifying the various
  fire related hazardous associated with a
  particular material. The NFPA 704 "diamond" is
  commonly found on bulk storage containers, but is
  also widely used on chemical containers and MSDS
  sheets.

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NFPA Flammability Codes

• 4 Materials that will rapidly or completely
  vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal
  ambient temperature, or that are readily
  dispersed in air and that will burn readily.
  Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a
  boiling point below 100ºF.

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NFPA Flammability Codes

• 3 Liquids and solid that can be ignited under
  almost all ambient temperature conditions.
  Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a
  boiling point above 100ºF or liquids with a
  flashpoint above 73ºF but not exceeding 100ºF and
  a boiling point below 100ºF.

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NFPA Flammability Codes

• 2 Materials that must be moderately heated or
  exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures
  before ignition can occur. Liquids with
  flashpoint above 100ºF but not exceeding 200ºF.

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NFPA Flammability Codes

• 1 Materials that must be preheated before
  ignition can occur. Liquids that have a
  flashpoint above 200ºF.
• 0 Materials that will not burn.

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NFPA Health Hazard Codes

• 4 Materials that on very short exposure could
  cause death or major residual injury.
• 3 Materials that on short exposure could cause
  serious temporary or residual injury.

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NFPA Health Hazard Codes

• 2 Materials that on intense or continued, but not
  chronic exposure could cause incapacitation or
  possible residual injury.

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NFPA Health Hazard Codes

• 1 Materials that on exposure would cause
  irritation but only minor residual injury.
• 0 Materials that on exposure under fire
  conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of
  ordinary combustible material.

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NFPA Reactivity Hazard Codes

• 4 Materials that in themselves are readily
  capable of detonation or of explosive
  decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures
  and pressures.

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NFPA Reactivity Hazard Codes

• 3 Materials that in themselves are capable of
  detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction
  but require a strong initiating source or which
  must be heated under confinement before
  initiation or which react explosively with water.

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NFPA Reactivity Hazard Codes

• 2 Materials that readily undergo violent chemical
  change at elevated temperatures and pressures or
  which react violently with water or which may
  form explosive mixtures with water.

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NFPA Reactivity Codes

• 1 Materials that in themselves are normally
  stable, but which can become unstable at elevated
  temperatures and pressures.

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NFPA Reactivity Codes

• 0 Materials that in themselves are normally
  stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and
  which are not reactive with water.

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NFPA Special Hazard Codes

• ACID Acid Products
• ALK Alkali or Bases
• COR Corrosive Products
• OX Oxidizer
• W Reacts with water
• Radioactive

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What do I do

• Ff there is no label or I cannot read the label?
• STOP - do not use the chemical.
• TELL your supervisor.
• READ the MSDS and have another label put on the
  container.

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Chemicals can be safely used if

• You know the hazards and how to protect yourself.
• They are used only for approved purposes.
• They are stored properly you use the correct
  personal protective equipment.
• You do not eat in areas where chemicals are used.
• You wash immediately if you come in contact with
  chemicals.

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Chemical Disposal

• Each chemical and container must be disposed of
  properly.
• No container is truly "empty" unless properly
  cleaned.
• Follow MSDS requirements for container disposal.
• Recycle unused chemicals.
• Do not place hazardous chemicals in normal trash
  receptacles.
• Do not pour chemicals into sinks, onto the ground
  or in storm drains.

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Safe Storage

• Store incompatible chemicals in separate areas.
• Limit the amount of flammable material to the
  minimum needed.
• Store flammable liquids in approved flammable
  storage lockers.
• Store acids in separate flammable storage
  lockers.
• Do not store chemicals in a refrigerator used for
  food storage.
• Do not store food in refrigerators used for
  chemical storage.

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In case of an emergency

• Implement the proper Emergency Action Plan.
• Evacuate people from the area.
• Isolate the area- keep other from entering.
• Turn off ignition and heat sources.
• Only trained employees are permitted to clean up
  spills.

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Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

• Show chemical safety information.
• Each chemical has a separate MSDS.
• MSDS is written by the chemical manufacturer.
• MSDS are kept in the workplace for your use.
• If you can't find an MSDS, ask your supervisor.
• Are provided by the chemical manufacturer to
  provide additional information concerning safe
  use of the product.

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Each MSDS tells you

• Common Name and Chemical Name of the material.
• Name, address and phone number of the
  manufacturer.
• Emergency phone numbers for immediate hazard
  information.
• Date the MSDS was written.
• Hazardous ingredients.
• Physical Health Hazards of the chemicals.
• Identification of chemical and physical
  properties.
• First Aid / Emergency Information.
• Safe handling and use information.

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MSDS

• Have specific hazard information on
• Fire Explosion
• Chemical Reactions
• Control Measures
• Health Hazards
• Spill Leak Procedures

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MSDS Fire Explosion Information

• Material Flash Point, auto-ignition temperature
  and upper/lower flammability limits.
• Fire extinguishing agents to be used.
• Fire fighting techniques.
• Any unusual fire or explosive hazards.

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MSDS Reaction Information

• Stability of chemical.
• Conditions and other materials which can cause
  reactions with the chemical.
• Dangerous substances that can be produced when
  the chemical reacts.

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MSDS Control Measures

• Engineering Controls required for safe product
  use.
• Personal protective equipment required for use of
  product.
• Safe storage requirements and guidelines.
• Safe handling procedures.

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MSDS Health Hazards

• Permissible Exposure and Threshold Limits (PEL
  TLV).
• Symptoms of exposure.
• Routes of entry into the body.
• Medical conditions that can be made worse by
  exposure.
• Cancer causing properties.
• Emergency First Aid Procedures.

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MSDS Spill Leak Procedures

• Clean up techniques.
• Personal Protective Equipment to be used during
  cleanup.
• Disposal of waste cleanup material.

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Protecting Yourself

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) may be needed
  to protect yourself from chemical hazards.
• Use the PPE our Company has required for each
  chemical.
• Check the PPE before use to make sure it is not
  damaged.
• Use face shield and Goggles if there is a splash
  hazard.
• Use the proper respirator for dusts, mists and
  fumes.
• Use the right gloves when handling chemicals.
• Properly clean and store your PPE after use.
• Don't take PPE home - why risk exposing your
  family?

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Stay safe when using chemicals

• Know what you are working with.
• Know where MSDS are located and how to use them.
• Ask your supervisor if you have questions.
• Only trained employees may use chemicals.

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Stay Safe

• Make sure all containers are properly labeled.
• Use the proper protective equipment.
• Store chemicals only in approved areas.
• Immediately report leaks and spills.
• Dispose of used chemicals and containers properly.