Tennessee SPI Objective:

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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes
Tennessee SPI Objective Identify the basic
properties of acids and bases.
Instructions 1) First click on "View" from the
top-menu bar. 2) Then click on "Slide Show" from
the drop-down menu. 3) Then use the right-arrow
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presentation.
Check for Understanding Determine whether a
substance is an acid or a base by its reaction to
an indicator.
Essential Question(s) What are the basic
properties of acids and bases? How can I use
indicators to determine if a substance is an acid
or a base?
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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• Acid Properties
• An acid is any compound that increases the number
  of positive hydronium ions when dissolved in
  water.
• Acids have a sour flavor The sour taste of
  lemons, limes, and other citrus fruits is a
  result of citric acid.
• Acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids
• Acids conduct electricity and are used in
  batteries

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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• Acids Change Colors in Indicators

Examples of indicators litmus paper,
phenolphthalein, cabbage juice, and/or
bromthymol blue

• see following images

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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases

• Litmus paper- is a common acid/base indicator

Acids
Notes

• blue litmus paper turns red in acids

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Review Questions
SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids

• Fill in the blanks using the following words
• red, hydronium, acids, compound, sour,
• An acid is any __________that increases the
  number of _____________ions.
• Acids have a ______ flavor.
• _________ neutralize bases.
• Blue litmus paper turns ______ in acids.

compound
hydronium
sour
Acids
red
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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• Acid Properties-Continued
• Acids react with some metals
• Acids react with some metals to produce hydrogen
  gas.
• Acids conduct electric current
• Example found in flashlight batteries and/or car
  batteries

Example hydrochloric acid with zinc metal
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Review Questions
SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids

• Fill in the blanks using the following words
• ions, electricity, metals
• Acids react with some ________.
• _____ are formed during chemical reactions when
  electrons are lost or gained
• Acids conduct _________.

metals
ions
electricity
BONUS QUESTION How is an ion different from an
atom?

• Ions are positive or negative, but atoms have no
  charge.

• Otherwise, atoms and ions look nearly identical

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The pH scale(pHpower or potential of hydrogen)
SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• pH scale a way to determine the level of acidity
  or basicity of a substance. (tells you how
  strong or weak acids and bases are)
• Acids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale
• 7 is neutral (pure water is 7)

Acids are 0 to 6.9
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More About the pH scale
SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• Againacids are 0 to 6.9 on the pH scale
• The lower the numberthe stronger the acid
• In other words, an acid with a pH of 1 is
  stronger than an acid with a pH of 5

pH 1 is stronger than pH 5
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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes

• Reminder The pH scale can be displayed different
  ways.
• Yet the ranges for acids and bases stays the same
  
• (0 to 6.9 for acids, 7.1 to 14 for bases)

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Review Questions
SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids

• Fill in the blanks using the following words
• 0 to 6.9, True, seven, vinegar, pH scale
• A __________ tells you how strong or weak an
  acid or base is.
• On a pH scale, the range for acids is _______.
• A neutral substance like pure water has a pH of
  ______?
• (True or False) An acid with a pH of 2 is
  stronger than an acid with a pH of 4.
  ___________.
• Which substance has greater acidity, pure water
  or vinegar? __________.

pH scale
0 to 6.9
seven
True
vinegar
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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Acids
Notes
F.Y.I.---How are acids used?

• Sulfuric acid is (most common) used to make
  paper, paint, detergents, fertilizers and many
  other products like batteries
• Nitric acid is used to make fertilizers, rubber,
  and plastics.
• Hydrochloric acid is used to separate metal from
  their ores. It is also used in swimming pools and
  in your stomach.
• Citric acid and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) are
  found in orange juice, grapefruit juice, and
  tomatoes.
• Carbonic acid and phosphoric acid are in soft
  drinks.

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SPI 0807.9.12 Acids and Bases
Video Links
Science
Link 01Universal Indicator Link 02Coke can in
acid Link 03Cheeseburger in Hydrochloric Acid