Enzymes

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Enzymes

• Protein structures that lower activation energy

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Enzyme names

• Ends in ase
• Based on reaction catalyzed
• Ex hydrolysis of amylose enzyme amylase

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Spontaneity - S
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Catabolism vs. Anabolism
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Factors that change the rate of chemical reactions

• Changing pH
• Agitation
• Increase temperature
• Removing product
• Enzymes ideal because highly efficient and
  specific

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Enzyme-Substrate Complex
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Enzyme models

• Fischers lock and key
• Jenks strain
• Koshlands induced fit
• All three modern induced fit theory of enzymes

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Induced fit model
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Inactive until regulated
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Inhibition

• Inhibitor chemical similar in shape and size to
  substrate
• Competitive vs. Noncompetitive

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Allosteric inhibition
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Regulatory molecule
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Cofactors

• metal ions activator
• coenzymes (vitamins)
• prosthetic groups

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Optimal conditions for enzymes

• Temperature
• pH
• Saline concentration
• Etc.

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