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Organic Compounds

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The term organic means any compound that contains bonded carbon atoms. Note: Carbon has 4 bonding sites giant molecules Made from thousands or ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Organic Compounds


1
Organic Compounds
2
Basic Organic Chemistry
  • The term organic means any compound that
    contains bonded carbon atoms.
  • Note Carbon has 4 bonding sites

3
Macromolecules
  • giant molecules
  • Made from thousands or hundreds of thousands of
    smaller molecules
  • Created by polymerization
  • Small units monomers
  • Large units polymers

4
Polysaccharides (Carbohydrates)
  • Made of C, H, and O
  • Monomer Monosaccharides (sugar)
  • Primary use Energy source
  • Secondary use(s) Structure
  • Appearance

5
  • Unique Characteristics
  • Starches
  • Quick energy source
  • Glucose, fructose, lactose
  • Cellulose is a polysaccharide used in plants
  • Tough flexible
  • Gives plants support and strength

6
Lipids
  • Made of C, and H (some O)
  • Monomer Glycerol Fatty Acids
  • Primary use Energy source
  • Secondary use(s) Membranes
  • Appearance

7
  • Unique Characteristics
  • Saturated Fats
  • Contains maximum number of hydrogens
  • No double bonds
  • Ex solid fats, meats, dairy
  • (Poly)unsaturated Fats
  • At least one double bond
  • Ex liquid fats, oils, nuts, avocado

8
Nucleic Acids
  • Made of C, H, O, N, and P
  • Monomer Nucleotides
  • Primary use DNA and RNA
  • Appearance

9
Proteins
  • Made of C, and H (some O)
  • Monomer Amino Acids
  • Primary use Many uses
  • Appearance

10
  • Unique Characteristics
  • Proteins have MANY functions and can freely
    change shape to change function
  • Control rate of reaction
  • Regulate cell processes
  • Form bones and muscles
  • Transport
  • Fight disease
  • Etc
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