BODY DEFENSES

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BODY DEFENSES
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NON-SPECIFIC DEFENSES

• CELLS AND CHEMICALS
• a. Interferon-
• b. Complement-
• c. Phagocytes-
• d. Natural Killer (NK) Cells-

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THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

• Consists of two independent parts
• 1. meandering network of lymphatic vessels
• 2. various lymphoid tissues and organs

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1. LYMPHATIC VESSELS
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2. LYMPH NODES
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SWOLLEN GLANDS
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OTHER LYMPHOID ORGANS

• SPLEEN-
• THYMUS GLAND-
• TONSILS-
• PEYERS PATCHES-
• MALT

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SO WHAT DO WE KNOW????????
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SPECIFIC BODY DEFENSESTHE IMMUNE SYSTEM

• stalks and eliminates with nearly equal
  precision almost any type of pathogen that
  invades the body

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IMMUNE RESPONSE

• Tremendously increases inflammatory response
• Provides protection specifically targeted against
  specific antigens
• Primes body to react more vigorously to later
  meetings with the same antigen

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WHATS AN ANTIGEN???

• WHATS A SELF-ANTIGEN???

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Small molecules are not usually antigenic but

• Allergy
• Hapten or incomplete antigen

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3 IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

• It is antigen specific
• It is systemic
• It has memory

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Two separate but overlapping arms of
immunity1.) Humoral or Antibody-mediated immun
ity2.) Cellular or Cell-mediated immunity
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CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

• LYMPHOCYTES
• T cells- provide cell- mediated immunity, do NOT
  produce antibodies
• B cells- provide humoral immunity, DO produce
  antibodies

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Lymphocyte Differentiation

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Immunocompetence

• What is it?
• How do T cells become immunocompetent?
• What about B cells?
• Immunocompetence develops before exposure to
  antigens- what does this mean???

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MACROPHAGESbig eater
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Macrophage with lymphocyte riding piggy back
approaching streptococcus bacteria
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Effectiveness of immune response depends upon

• Ability to recognize foreign antigens and
• bind to them
• 2. Ability of cells to communicate with one
• another so whole immune system can
• respond

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HUMORAL AND CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY
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ANTIBODIESIMMUNOGLOBULINS