Infants - Intellectual Development

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Infants - Intellectual Development
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Intellectual Development

• I.D. is how people learn, what they learn and how
  they express what they know through language

Mental Development
Cognitive Development
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• Happens as quickly as physical development
• From birth, use all sense organs
• By age one, infants know many words and may even
  be able to say a few words

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How do infants learn?

• Brain development research suggests the following
  three factors
• Babys physical development (mainly brain)
• Babys environment
• The interaction of the first two factors using
  the windows of opportunity

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• As motor skills develop, infants are able to move
  toward many sights, sounds, and other learning
  experiences.

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Motor Center

• Cognitive development aids in motor development!
• They learn that their movements are voluntary and
  they are responsible.
• Reach/touch objects

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Vision Center

• Very active in early infancy
• Maturing eyes and brain wiring helps them look at
  peoples faces and objects
• 2-3 Months can see objects at a distance very
  clearly
• 8 Months Vision Peaks! They begin to inspect
  everything!!!

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• Binocular Vision necessary to recognize how far
  away an object is.
• Eyes guide how far the must reach or how far down
  the step might be

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Thinking and Memory Centers

• They try to figure out what is happening and how
  to make things happen!
• Make a ball roll, etc.
• Important for new environments/experiences
• Interesting things to see, hear, and touch

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Perception

• Organizing information that comes through the
  senses
• Infants notice how things are
• alike and different
• Size
• Color
• Shape
• Texture

• Perceptions come through the senses about
• Form
• Space
• Weight
• Numbers

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Perception

• Perception also involves how fast the brain
  organizes information

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Perception

• Perception involves the way a person reacts to
  different sensory experiences
• Example child in a crowded room vs. alone with
  mom playing with blocks
• What do children usually do?

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Cognition

• Cognition- the act or process of knowing or
  understanding

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The Sensorimotor Stage Piaget

• Birth to age 2
• Infants use senses and motor skills to learn and
  communicate
• Practicing Reflexes and Repeating New Learnings
• Beginning to Control
• Solving Problems
• Imitating

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Perceptual Concepts

• Object Constancy or Sameness -airplane
• Object Concept- separate from ones interactions
  with them
• Object Identity same bear, Daddy/clothes
• Object Permanence
• Depth Perception
• Why might depth perception be important?

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Beginnings of Language!
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How do babies communicate?

• Crying and Cooing - babies do not have control
  over the sounds they make
• 1st Month cries
• 2nd Month coos (light, happy sounds)
• Babbling Important pre-talking skill!
• 4th and 5th month (ba, da, gi)

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• First Words (consistently refer to object or
  person as that word)
• 9th Month

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First Words

• Before first words, babies must do the following
• Understand object permanence
• Understand that people, objects, places and
  events have names
• Remember words that go with people, objects,
  places and events
• Have the ability to make the sounds
• Realize that talking is important

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• Reduplication babbling-
• da-da-da-da
• Adult should make connection
• Point, confirm and repeat!
• By age 1 3 words
• 2nd year Spoken Vocab