WHI: SOL 9c, d

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WHI SOL 9c, d

• Age of Charlemagne and Invasions

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Rise of the Franks

• Clovis-king of the Franks reconquered Gaul from
  the collapsed Roman Empire
• Gaul becomes kingdom of France
• Clovis converted to Christianity (identify with
  his people)
• Converting to Christianity forges a strong
  alliance with the Pope
• Franks emerged as a force in Western Europe.

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Battle of Tours

• Muslims attempt to invade France-Charles Martel
  led Frankish troops against them
• 732a.d. Muslims defeated
• Did not advance further into Europe

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Age of Charlemagne

• 768 a.d.-Charles Martels grandson becomes king
  of the Franks
• Built an empire that stretched across (what is
  now) France, Germany, and Northern Italy
• Charles the Great/Magnificent Charlemagne
• Power of the Church was established in political
  life.

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Rule of Charlemagne

• Roman culture was reinterpreted.
• 799 a.d.- helped Pope Leo III against rebellious
  nobles
• Dec. 25, 800- Pope crowned Charlemagne Emperor
  of the Romans
• Represented a united Christian kingdom (German
  and Roman)
• Angered Byzantine Emperor who saw himself as the
  sole Roman ruler
• Had missionaries spread Christianity
• Officials traveled to provinces to check on
  roads, listen grievances, and see that justice
  was done
• Encouraged education, building of local schools,
  and revived Latin learning

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End of Charlemagnes Rule

• Charlemagne dies in 814 a.d.
• His son Louis I came to power
• Treaty of Verdun-843 a.d.
• Louis three sons divided Charlemagnes empire

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Invasions- Areas of Settlement

• Angles and Saxons migrated from continental
  Europe to England.
• Magyars migrated from Central Asia to Hungary.
• Vikings migrated from Scandinavia to Russia.
• (800-1000 a.d. Vikings invaded Europe)

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Influence of the Angles, Saxons, Magyars, and
Vikings

• Manors with castles provided protection from
  invaders, reinforcing the feudal system.
• Invasions disrupted trade, towns declined, and
  the feudal system was strengthened.