Chemistry 2202 VSEPR Theory Research Project

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Chemistry 2202 VSEPR Theory Research Project

• By Johnny McDude

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Introduction

• This project involves a webquest research on a
  simple molecule in which VSEPR Theory is the
  focused material.
• The geometrical shape and name, physical
  properties, and applications to the real world
  will be discussed.

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Molecule - VSEPR

• Molecule chosen Chloroform or trichloromethane
  (CHCl3)
• Chloroform adopts the tetrahedral geometry and
  can be drawn with wedge and dash notation.

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Chloroform VSEPR

• Chloroform, as shown on the previous slide, has
  four bonding pairs and no lone pairs on the
  central atom.
• This arrangement causes the tetrahedral shape due
  to repulsion of the bonding pairs to efficiently
  space out and obtain the lowest energy.

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Chloroform - Properties

• Melting point -63.7oC
• Boiling point 61.7oC
• Density 1.50 g/ml
• Molecular Weight 119.38 g/mol
• Appearance clear-colorless liquid
• Odour Sweet-pleasant
• Solubility in water slightly
• Polar compound (from electronegative chlorine
  atoms)

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Chloroform - MSDS

• CAS 67-66-3
• Slightly irritating for skin and eyes (flush with
  water immediately)
• Can be slightly hazardous with prolonged skin
  contact (permeator)
• Can be dangerous if adequate ventilation is not
  given. Unconsciousness or death may result if
  over exposed.
• Carcinogenic and mutagenic
• More information can be found on the MSDS sheet

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Chloroform Interesting Facts

• In the mid 1800s, chloroform was used as an
  anesthetic for surgeries and childbirth.
• It is used in the production of the refrigerant
  R-22.
• Used in a fictional sense to knock out an
  unsuspecting victim.

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Chloroform More uses

• A common solvent because of its low reactivity
  and it is miscible with most organic liquids. It
  is also used as a reagent in reactions.
• Deuterated chloroform (CDCl3) is used in NMR
  spectroscopy as a reference solvent.

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Conclusion

• Chloroforms geometry is tetrahedral with four
  bonding pairs on the central atom. Wedge and
  dash are used to show 3-D on a 2-D surface.
• Its past is very interesting and it is a common
  solvent and reagent in the industrial world.

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Bonus Section - Ethanol