7.3 Big Idea

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7.3 Big Idea

• What are the basic parts of the Constitution ?

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Study Skills

• Study 5-10 minutes a night
• Understand Organization
• Create Flashcards
• Drill and Practice facts
• Know the test giver
• Know your strengths and weaknesses
• Read aloud/Reread/Write down
• Write test questions
• Teach someone else
• Complete chapter review
• Create a chart or graph

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Vocabulary Terms

• popular sovereignty
• federalism
• legislative
• executive
• judicial branch
• checks and balances
• Constitution Convention
• James Madison
• Virginia Plan
• William Patterson
• New Jersey Plan
• Great Compromise
• Three-Fifths Compromise

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Ch7 Section 3Constitution

• Objective 1
• - Explain why delegates met at the
  Constitutional Convention.

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I. Constitutional Convention

1. The Meeting
2. Constitutional Convention held at Philadelphias
   State House in May 1787.
3. Called to discuss ways to improve the Articles of
   Confederation
4. The Delegates
5. Every state but Rhode Island sent delegates, for
   a total of 55
6. Included James Madison, who took good notes and
   joined in many discussions.

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Homework Quiz

• How many states and delegates were represented at
  the Constitutional Convention?
• What was the purpose of the Constitutional
  Convention?
• Where was the Constitutional Convention held?
  (city, state, building)
• Who was the most influential delegate?
• Name two famous men who were at the
  Constitutional Convention and two men that were
  not.

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Important Questions

• Why was the Constitutional Convention held?
• To discuss ways to improve the Articles of
  Confederation..

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Ch7 Section 3 Constitution

• Objective 2
• - Examine the main issues debated and
  compromises that were reached at the
  Constitutional Convention.

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II. Great Compromise

• Several issues divided delegates, particularly
  along state and regional lines.
• The Virginia Plan
• The Virginia Plan, or large state plan, was
  written mainly by James Madison.
• Called for new constitution that gave supreme
  power to central government.
• Created three branches, including bicameral
  legislature in which representation was based on
  state population.
• Opposed by small states, because larger states
  would have more representatives

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II. Great Compromise cntd

• New Jersey Plan was offered by New Jersey
  delegate William Paterson
• Created a unicameral legislature, with each state
  receiving equal representation
• Opposed by larger states, because smaller states
  would have more influence
• D. A Compromise
• Delegates eventually passed what had become known
  as the Great Compromise
• Created a bicameral legislature, in which each
  state received equal representation in the upper
  house and population-based representation in the
  lower house

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Homework Quiz

• What plan called for the legislative branch to be
  based on population?
• What was the compromise called that settled the
  dispute between large states and small states?
• Who presented the New Jersey Plan?
• How many houses did the Virginia Plan purpose?
• How many houses in the legislative branch did the
  compromise include and how would representation
  be determined?
• name of house- how many representatives

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II. Three-Fifths Compromise

1. Slavery and Representation
2. Southern delegates wanted slaves to be counted
   for purposes of representation.
3. Northern delegates thought slaves should not be
   counted to determine representation but should be
   counted to determine taxes.
4. Under so-called Three-Fifths Compromise, each
   slave would be counted as three fifths of a
   person for purposes of representation.
5. Foreign Slave Trade
6. Southern and northern delegates disagreed over
   ending the foreign slave trade
7. Under another compromise, northern delegates
   would wait 20 years before attempting to end
   foreign slave trade southern delegates would not
   ask that laws in Congress require a two-thirds
   majority vote to pass.

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Important Questions

• How did the delegates resolve disagreements over
  slavery and representation?

Each slave would count as three fifths of a
person for purposes of representation.
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Homework Quiz

• How did delegates from Pennsylvania want to count
  slaves?
• How did delegates from Virginia want to count
  slaves?
• What did the two sides agree to do about the
  slave trade?
• What is the Three-Fifths Compromise about?
  (Slavery?)
• If the Great Compromise was between large and
  small states, who was the Three Fifths Compromise
  between?

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Ch7 Section 3 Constitution

• Objective 3
• - Describe how the federal governments balanced
  under the U.S. Constitution

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IV. Our Living Constitution

1. Constitution is based on popular sovereignty- the
   idea that political authority belongs to the
   people.
2. Also based on federalism- the sharing of power
   between a central government and the states that
   make up a country.

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V. A Delicate Balance

• Three Branches of Government
• Legislative branch, or Congress, proposes and
  passes laws.
• Executive branch, which includes the presidency
  and the departments, makes sure laws are carried
  out.
• Judicial branch, which includes all national
  courts, interprets laws.
• System of checks and balances keeps any branch
  from becoming too powerful by allowing each
  branch to limit the powers of the other branches.

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Important Questions

• What are the responsibilities of the three
  branches of government?
• Legislative branch-proposes and passes laws.
• Executive branch - runs the government and makes
  sure laws are carried out.
• Judicial branch - interprets laws

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Homework Quiz

• What is the idea that political authority belongs
  to the people called?
• What is Federalism?
• Separation of Powers divides the government into
  three branches. What are they?
• What keeps any one branch from becoming to
  powerful?
• Name one main power that the Federal government
  has over the states.