Monitor of All sky X-ray Image ; MAXI

1
Monitor of All sky X-ray Image MAXI Naoki
Isobe1 (isobe_at_crab.riken.jp) and the MAXI
team1,2,3,4,5,6 1RIKEN, 2JAXA, 3Osaka Univ.,
4Aoyama Gakuin Univ., 5Tokyo Tech. Univ., 6Nihon
Univ. Web http//www-maxi.tksc.jaxa.jp

• 2. Instruments on MAXI

• 1. What is MAXI ?

ISS
A concept of slit camera
Field of view of MAXI

• All sky X-ray monitor on the Japanese Experiment
  Module (JEM) Exposed Facility of the
  International Space Station (ISS)
• Scan of all most all over the sky every 96
  minutes
• Launch 2008 by the Space shuttle
• Mission life at least 2 years

ISS motion
JEM
ISS

• MAXI has two instruments
• Gas Slit Camera (GSC) and Solid-state Slit
  Camera (SSC)
• These instruments consist of slits, slat
  collimators, and 1-dimensional position
  sensitive X-ray detectors.
• Their combination defies a narrow rectangular
  field of view (FoV) in the sky.
• Both instruments are set up in the zenith and
  forward direction, in order to compensate
  non-operational periods (e.g. South Atlantic
  Anomaly).

Pressurized Vessel
MAXI
Exposed Facility

• 3. Science with MAXI

X-ray flux of known sources (taken from Uhuru and
HEAO-1 catalog)
Galactic source AGNs ? Clusters of galaxies
X-ray flux (mCrab)
10 mCrab / 1 orbit (96min.)
3 mCrab / 1 day
1 mCrab / 1 week
Sensitivity of MAXI
Distance (light year)
MAXI detects more than 1000 X-ray sources,
especially active galactic nuclei (AGNs)

• 2. 1 Gas Slit Camera (GSC)

A proportional counter
A unit of GSC

• Dynamic Catalog of X-ray sources
• Long-term variability of AGNs
• Alert of X-ray transients
• Complete lightcurve of X-ray novae
• g-ray bursts and their afterglow
• Distribution of distant AGNs (measurement of
  X-ray BGD)
• Survey of emission lines from our Galaxy (with
  SSC)
• Discovery of new kinds of X-ray objects

A Simulated lightcurve of a seyfert galaxy, MCG
6-30-15
Simulated all sky X-ray images, to be obtained
with MAXI
Slit and collimator

• Three units for forward, and three units for
  Zenith FoV
• Wide FoV 1.5 x 160 degree
• Carbon fiber anode (10 mm)
• ?Good position resolution (1mm)
• Large Effective Area (5350 cm2)
• ?High Sensitivity (1 mCrab/week)

Slit
Collimator
2 week
1 day
Data flow of MAXI
NASA MSFC
ISS

• 50-70 of MAXI date is sent to ground in real
  time (NASA Link).
• All the data will become accessible through the
  Internet.
• MAXI alerts transients through the Internet in a
  few minutes

(A picture from the counter side)
NASA Link

• 2. 2 Solid-state Slit Camera (SSC)

JAXA Link
A unit of SSC (without slit and collimator)
SSC spectra of emission lines
JAXA
Data relay satellite
Quick follow up observations !!
MAXI
Al-Ka 1.4876
Ti-Ka 4.51084
Cl-Ka 2.62239
V-Ka 4.95220
Zn-Ka 8.63886
Fe-Ka 6.4038
V-Kb 5.42729
Ni-Ka 7.47815
Cl-Kb 2.8156
Fe-Kb 7.05798
MAXI members (Sep.2003)
Zn-Kb 9.5720
Ni-Kb 8.26466
If you have any interest in MAXI
Please contact me or the mission leader (Dr. M.
Matsuoka matsuoka.masaru_at_jaxa.jp)
CCD Chip (Hamamatsu Photonics)

• One unit for forward, one unit for zenith
• Good Energy Resolution 150 eV (at Mn Ka)

24 mm
Naoki Isobe (me)
mission leader