Expressed%20and%20Experienced%20Emotion

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Expressed and Experienced Emotion
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Detecting Emotion

• All of us communicate verbally and nonverbally.
• Experience can sensitize us to particular
  emotions.
• Abused children are much quicker than other
  children at recognizing the signals of anger.

Anger
Fear
50 Anger 50 Fear
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Detecting Emotions

• Our brains can easily detect subtle expressions.
• A glimpse of a face for just one tenth of a
  second is enough for people to judge somebody's
  trustworthiness.

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Detecting Emotion Deception

• While out brains are very good at detecting most
  emotions one emotion we are not very good at
  detecting is deception or deceiving expressions.
• The common belief is that you can tell if
  somebody is lying by looking them in the eyes.
• When tested people were only 54 accurate at
  telling if somebody was lying by looking them in
  the eyes. This is slightly better than a coin
  toss or chance.
• However some people are more sensitive to
  physical cues of deception.

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Detecting Emotion Technology

• Gestures, facial expressions, and tones of voice
  are all absent in electronic communication.
• This is why it is easy for many people to misread
  text or emails.

Actual Facebook status updates
dang it.. when when I said lets go have dinner i
did not mean it as a date...
Why in the world are you mad??? Wait i know... I
didn't put lol after that last statement so you
took it wrong
He just said I love you and I texted back I
love YOUTUBE real fast. I dont feel the same ?
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Gender and Emotion Women

• Is womens intuition superior to mens?
• Women generally surpass men at reading peoples
  emotional cues.
• This nonverbal sensitivity also gives women an
  edge in spotting lies.
• Women also have a greater emotional literacythey
  can describe more complex emotional reactions.
• -Examplemales might say I feel bad, females
  might say It will be bittersweet, I will fill
  happy and sad
• -This could also be explained by the fact that
  women generally use more vocabulary during the
  day than men.

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Gender and Emotion Anger

• Imagine an angry face
• Now is that face male or female?
• 75 of the people in an Arizona State University
  study said male.
• Anger is an emotion that many people associate
  with males even though many people see females as
  being more emotionally expressive.

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Gender and Emotion Empathy

• Women are likely to describe themselves as
  empathic however, in a study that measured the
  physiological effects of empathy they found that
  there is a much smaller gap than is reported in
  surveys.
• Females are more likely to express their empathy
  than males.

Although males and females did not differ in
self-reported emotions or physiological responses
while viewing emotional films, the women's faces
showed much more.
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Culture and Emotional Expression

• Are nonverbal expressions of emotion universally
  understood?
• Some are and some are not
• The American thumps up and A-OK signs are
  considered insults in other countries.

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Culture and Emotional Expression

• Facial expressions are somewhat universal.
• A smile is a smile world wide
• Simple facial expressions
• Even isolated groups of people share universal
  facial expressions.
• Facial expressions even among the blind are
  universal.
• Lets see how good you are at detecting emotions
  from facial expressions from people in different
  cultures!

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What Emotion is This?
HAPPINESS
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What Emotion is This?
SURPRISE
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What Emotion is This?
FEAR
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What Emotion is This?
SADNESS
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What Emotion is This?
ANGER
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What Emotion is This?
DISGUST
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Culture and Emotional Expression

• Although cultures share a universal facial
  language for basic emotions, they differ in how
  much emotion they express.
• Cultures that encourage more individuality
  display more visible emotions.

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The Effects of Facial Expressions

• Do our facial Expressions influence our feelings?
• Expressions not only communicate emotion, they
  also amplify and regulate it.
• Try itfake a big smile
• Now Scowl
• Facial Feedback the effect of facial
  expressions on experienced emotions.
• When a facial expression intensifies emotional
  feelings.
• Pencil Experiment
• Botox Experiment

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Experienced Emotions

• How many emotions are there?
• Carroll Izard identified 10 basic emotions
• Joy
• Excitement
• Surprise
• Sadness
• Anger
• Disgust
• Contempt
• Fear
• Shame
• Guilt
• All other emotions are combinations of these 10
  emotions

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Fear What is the function of fear?

• Fear can be debilitating and contagious.
• 1903 Chicago theatre fire.
• Fear is the bodies alarm system.
• Fear also protects us from harm.
• Fear of punishment can restrain us.
• Common fear against enemies can also cause groups
  of people to bond.
• Fearful expressions also improve sensory
  reactions by improving peripheral vision and
  speed eye movements.

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Learning Fear

• Through our experiences and possibly conditioning
  we learn to fear many things.
• Learning by observation can also expand our list
  of fears.
• Almost all wild monkeys fear snakes, yet lab
  monkeys do not.
• This means that we may learn many of our fears
  from parents or friends.

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Biology of Fear

• We may be biologically prepared to learn some
  fears more quickly than others.
• Monkeys, snakes, and flowers
• Humans quickly learn to fear snakes, spiders, and
  cliffs because these are fears that probably
  helped our ancestors to survive.

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Biology of Fear

• The Amygdala is crucial in learning fears.
• Rabbits, tones, and shocks
• People with phobias show high Amygdala activity
  and people that are very courageous show low
  Amygdala activity. (There are always extremes)
• Phobia an intense fear of a specific objects or
  situations.

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Biology of Fear

• Experience does help to shape our fears, however
  so do our genes.
• In twins, ones level of fearfulness is similar to
  the others, even when they have been raised
  apart.
• We have also discovered a gene that influences
  the amygdalas response to frightening
  situations.
• People with the short version of this gene have
  less levels of a protein that speeds up reuptake
  of serotonin.
• With more serotonin available to activate the
  amygdala neurons, people with this short gene are
  more fearful.

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ANGER!

• Societies that are more individualistic tend to
  vent their anger or experience catharsis.
• Catharsis emotional release
• Catharsis Theory Releasing anger (through
  action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges.
• Can be temporarily calmingbut most of the time
  this will just cause more anger.
• Venting to reduce anger is like using gasoline
  to put out a fire.

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Anger

• Best ways to handle anger
• Time and waiting
• Do not deal with anger in ways that cause you to
  sulk or rehearse your anger.
• Calm your self by exercising or playing an
  instrument or talk to a friend.
• Forgiveness is the best way to deal with anger

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Happiness

• People who are happier perceive the world as
  safer, feel more confident, make decisions more
  easily, are more cooperative and tolerant, and
  live healthier more satisfying lives.
• Feel-good, do-good phenomenon People are more
  likely to be helpful when in a good mood.

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Happiness Cycle

• Positive moods rise over the early to middle part
  of the day.
• Stressful events trigger bad moods. But by the
  next day the gloom nearly lifts away.
• People usually rebound from bad days to a better
  than usual day.
• In the long run our mood tends to balance.

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Wealth and Well-being

• Well-being self-perceived happiness or
  satisfaction with life.
• Money can buy some happiness
• Richer countries are somewhat happier than poorer
  ones.
• Once one has enough money to provide for their
  basic needs gaining more and more money will
  matter less and less.

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Happiness and Prior Experience

• Adaptation-level phenomenon our tendency to
  judge various stimuli relative to those we have
  previously experienced.
• If your current income increases we will feel an
  initial surge of pleasure and then adapt to this
  new level of income and consider it normal.

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Happiness and Others

• Happiness is relevant not only to our past
  experiences but also to our comparisons with
  others.
• Relative deprivation the perception that we are
  worse off relative to those whom we compare
  ourselves.
• When expectations rise above attainments
  happiness drops.

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Predictors of Happiness