I. Categories of Oceanographers

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I. Categories of Oceanographers

• 1. CHEMICAL Oceanographer
• composition of sea water, salts and physical
  properties (eg. DENSITY, TEMPERATURE)
• .

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2. BIOLOGICAL Oceanographer syn. MARINE
BIOLOGIST

• studies organisms, types, abundance, temporal
  variation, productivity and their controlling
  factors.

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3. GEOLOGICAL Oceanographer

• - two areas
• 1.Volcanic rocks and basins (opening and closing)
  
• 2.Sediments- paleo oceanography.

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4. PHYSICAL Oceanographer

• - various styles of motion (currents surface and
  deep water) waves and tides.

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GLOBE TOSSING ACTIVITY
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II. OCEAN INFORMATION

• A. DIVIDING THE EARTH
• LOCATE POINTS ON THE MAP USING COORDINATES.
• n/s e/w
• LONGITUDE 360 VERTICAL
  (spacing distorted north to south)
• Prime Meridian Greenwich England
• (zero degrees)

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• LATITUDE horizontal
  zero is the equator
• Spacing is equal north to south
• circumference at the equator is 40,000 km or
  24,902 miles

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Practice Problems

• Bombay or Mumbai India
• Havana Cuba
• Anchorage Alaska
• Aukland New Zealand
• Rio De Janeiro
• Columbus Ohio

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Answers

• Bombay or Mumbai India
• Havana Cuba
• Anchorage Alaska
• Aukland New Zealand
• Rio De Janero
• Columbus Ohio

• 20N 73E
• 20N 80W
• 60N 160W
• 40S 175E
• 23S 44W
• 38N 83W

Hurricane Floyd
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B. THE OCEANS
1. PACIFIC OCEAN

• vol. P Atl. Indian 37 of the earth's
  surface, deepest point (Marianas Trench
  11Km),deepest ave. depth, coldest, salinity
  34.6 o/oo temp. 3.

Google Earth
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2. Atlantic Ocean

• shallowest, warmest, saltiest,
• Sal. 35.0 o/oo temp 3.7C
• "Marginal Seas" (Gulf of Mexico and
  Mediterranean) water gets trapped and becomes
  saltier because of evaporation, then spills back
  into the Atlantic

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evaporation
Dense water sinks
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3. INDIAN OCEAN

• slightly smaller than the Atlantic temp. 3.7C
  salinity 34.8 o/oo
• Monsoons- seasonal shift in currents

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4. ANTARCTIC OCEAN a.k.a.(Southern Ocean)

• area of mixing of the three other major oceans,
  narrow shelf of the continent, no freshwater
  input
• Look at the "Southern Ocean" from the south pole.
  Extensive exchange of water between Atlantic,
  Indian and Pacific

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5. ARCTIC OCEAN

• smallest, shallowest, isolated from other
  oceans, except for the Bering Sea, Fram Strait.
  
• Persistent pack ice, thicker and harder at the
  center. Broad shelf and much fresh water input.
• Predicted to be ice-free in the summer by 2050

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III. TRIVIA

• Ave. depth of ocean 3800 m 4 km
  Ave. elevation of a continent 800m
• Distribution of water and land on the surface
  70 water 30 land
• Northern Hemisphere 60 40
• Southern Hemisphere 80 20

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