Title: Metabolism of Nucleotides
1? ? ?
? ? ? ? ?
Metabolism of Nucleotides
2???
- ?????????
- ?????????
- ??????5-???????
- ?????????
3? ?
?????
?????
????
4????
5- ?????????????????????????????????,?????????
- ????DNA??????,?RNA?????
6????????
- ?????????
- dATP ? dGTP ? dCTP ? dTTP
- DNA?????
- ATP?GTP?CTP?UTP
- RNA??????
- ?????????ATP?GTP(?????)?UTP(????)?CTP(????)
7- ??????????cAMP?????,???????????AMP?ADP?ATP???????
? - ????????????NAD?FAD???A??
- ????????UDPG?CDP-????SAM?PAPS??
8(No Transcript)
9- ???????
- ????
- ??????
- (de novo synthesis pathway)
- ??????
- (salvage synthesis pathway)
- ????
10- ??????(de novo synthesis pathway)
????????????????CO2 ????????,?????????,????????? - ?????????
- ????????
11- ??????(salvage synthesis pathway)
??????????,?????????,????????? - ?????????
- ?????????????
12??? ????????
Metabolism of Purine Nucleotides
13AMP
GMP
14????????????
- ??????
- (de novo synthesis pathway)
- ??????
- (salvage synthesis pathway)
15(?)??????????
??????????????????????????????????????????,???????
??,???????????
??????????????????,????????,????????????????
16CO2
???
????
??? (????)
??? (????)
???? (???)
171. IMP???
2. AMP?GMP???
18PP-1-R-5-P(PRPP) (???????)
R-5-P (5-????)
H2N-1-R-5-P(PRA) (5-?????)
- ???? ???N
- N10??????
- ????a-??N
- ???
- ????
IMP
19(No Transcript)
201?IMP?????
??
?
?
?
?
? GAR??? ?????? ? FGAM??? ?AIR???
21(No Transcript)
22IMP???????
23IMP?????
- ???????????????
- PRPP?????????,???????????????,????????????????????
???????5-????????? - PRPP??????????????
242?AMP?GMP???
25??????????? ?IMP??? ??????????? ?GMP???
? ?
26ATP?GTP???
???
27???????????
- ???????????????????
- PRPP?????????,???????????????,???????????????????
????????5-????????? - PRPP?????????????
- IMP????5?ATP,6???????
- AMP?GMP?????1?GTP?1?ATP?
- AMP?GMP??????????
28???????
- ??
- ?????,??????
- ??ATP?GTP????
? ?
29?????????????
PRPP
PRA
GTP
? ?
30(?)????????????
??????????????,???????,??????????,??????(?????)??
?
31?????????? (adenine phosphoribosyl transferase,
APRT) ????-??????????(hypoxanthine- guanine
phosphoribosyl transferase, HGPRT) ????(adenosine
kinase)
32APRT
??? PRPP
AMP PPi
HGPRT
??? PRPP
GMP PPi
33??????????????AMP
????(adenosine kinase)
34?????????
- ????????????????????????
- ????????,???????????????
- HGPRT??????????????
35HGPRT????Lesch Nyhan ???
????-??????????(HGPRT)???????????????????,????????
????,?????????????
??????????(hyperuricemia)??????????,????????
36(?)??????????
37(?) ??????????
4?NDP(A?G?C?U)???????4????dNDP
38????????
39 40- ??????????????,??R1?R2???????R1?R2??????????DNA
???????????????,???????????????
41- ?????DNA?4?????????????,????????????????????,??
????????????
42(?) ??????????
- ????????????????????????????
????? ?????? ?????
6-???? 6-????? 8-?????? ?????? ??? ?????
43?????
44- 6-MP????????????6MP???,????????IMP???AMP?GMP???
- ?????????,??????-??????????(HGPRT),?PRPP??????????
???????????,??????????
45??????
46- ??????????
- ?????Gln???
- ???Gln????????????,?????????????
47?????
???
????
Aminopterin, AP
Methotrexate, MTX
48- ???????????(MTX)??
- ?????????????,????????FH2?FH4??????????????????,??
???????????
49? ?
50?????????
dADP
dATP
AMP
ADP
ATP
IMP
GMP
GDP
GTP
dGDP
dGTP
51????????????
????
???
??
Pi
??????
??
1-????
52?????????????????????????
? ?
53(No Transcript)
54I (????)
AMP
??????
X (???)
GMP
G
??????
?????? ????
55- ???????????????????????????
- ?????????????????????????
56??? ???????? ,???????
????????????
???????????,????HGPRT?PRPP???????PRPP??????(GPAT)?
??-6-???(G6PC)???????(XDH)?
57- HGPRT??????,????????????,???IMP?GMP?GDP??,????????
??????PPRTK?GPAT????,??????????????
- ??-6-??????,G-6-P??????????,G-6-P?????????????5-?
???,????PRPP????
- ?????????????????????,??10???????????
58??????????????????????????0.120.36mmol/L?????????
??????????????0.64 mmol/L?,????????????????????,??
???????????????????????????(gout)?
59????????
- ????????(allopurinol)???????????
60- ?????
- ????????,?????????????????????????????,??
??? - ??
- ???????
- ??????
61???????????
Metabolism of Pyrimidine Nucleotides
62????????
63????????????
64(?)??????????
????????????????????????????????????????,?????????
,???????????
????????
65Gln
CO2
661. ?????????
67(No Transcript)
68(No Transcript)
692. ?????????
UDP
UTP
703. dTMP?TMP???
dUMP
??????? dTMP
71???????
ATP CO2 ????
??????
????
????????
?????
ATP 5-????
PRPP
UMP
?????
UTP
CTP
72(?) ??????????
73?????????
CDP
74(?)??????????
1.????????????????,????????????????????????????,
????????????????. 2.???????
75 76- ??????
- ????????CTP????
- ?????
- ?????????dUMP????????????dTMP?
77- ???????????????
- ???????CDP???dCDP,???DNA????
78?????
????
????
?????
79????????????
80????????
81?????????
82???
????
NH3
???
ß-?????
?????
H2O
H2O
CO2 NH3
ß-???
ß-?????
?
?????CoA
???????CoA
??
??CoA
???CoA
TAC
???
TAC
83?????
- 1. ??(1)??????
- (2)??????
- (3)????????
- 2. ???????
- (1)IMP ? AMPS ? AMP
- (2)IMP ? XMP ? GMP
- (3)UTP ? CTP
- (4)dUMP ? dTMP
84- 3. AMP C6?GMP C2?CTP C4????dTMP C5??????????
- 4. ???????????????????????????????????
- 5. ??PRPP????????????
85- 6. ????????(CPS)????????
- 7. ????????????????????????????????????
- 8. ???????????????????????????