Chapter 4 Objectives The War for Independence

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Chapter 4 ObjectivesThe War for Independence

• Identify Analyze the causes of the American
  Revolution
• Understand important events dates
• Identify key individuals their roles
• THE POWER OF IDEAS

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• HOMEWORK For each term or name, write a sentence
  explaining its significance.
• Stamp Act
• Samuel Adams
• Townshend Act
• Boston Massacre
• Committees of Correspondence
• Boston Tea Party
• King George III
• Intolerable Acts
• Martial Law
• Minutemen

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Chapter 4 Key DatesThe War for Independence

• 1765 Parliament Passes Stamp Act
• 1767 Parliament Passes Townsend Acts
• 1770 Boston Massacre
• 1773 Boston Tea Party
• 1774 Parliament Passes Intolerable Acts
• 1774 First Continental Congress
• 1776 Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense
• 1776 American Colonies Declare Independence
• 1777 Colonial Army wins at Saratoga- turning
  point
• 1781 British Surrender at Yorktown
• 1783 Colonies Britain sign Treaty of Paris
  ending war

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonies Organize to Resist
• Britain incurs heavy debt while conducting the
  French Indian War and European entanglements
• British also have a standing army of 10,000
  troops stationed in the Colonies to protect
  colonists against potential future attacks by
  Native Americans or former French colonials

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonies Organize to Resist
• Stamp Act March 1763 colonists required to
• Purchase special stamped paper for all legal
  documents, licenses, newspapers, pamphlets,
  almanacs
• Pay stamp duties on cards/dice
• Violators were to be tried in British court with
  high likelihood of conviction

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonies Organize to Resist
• Stamp Act Protests
• Sons of Liberty form in Boston, 1765
• Samuel Adams Brewer Patriot, Political
  Activist
• They harassed those who attempted to enforce the
  Act
• Colonial Assemblies convene to address Act
• Virginia Patrick Henry resolution stating only
  Virginia Assembly had taxing authority over
  Virginia colonists
• Other Assemblies follow suit

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonies Organize to Resist
• Stamp Act Congress
• Representatives from nine colonies gather in New
  York to issue the Declaration of Rights
  Grievances.
• Stated that Parliament could not tax colonists
  because the colonists had no one to represent
  their needs in Parliament
• Merchant Resistance
• Agreed not to import British goods until Stamp
  Act was repealed
• Outcome is Parliament repeals the Stamp Act but
  issues Declaratory Act that it, Parliament, has
  the right to make laws for the colonies
  representation notwithstanding

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonies Organize to Resist
• Townshend Act, 1767 Another attempt at getting
  revenue from colonies
• Indirect tax import duties on goods that came
  in from Britain
• Three-penny Tea Tax
• Taxation without Representation
• Boycotts of British goods clothing, tea
• British seize John Hancocks ship triggering
  riots
• British station 2,000 troops in Boston

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Tension Mounts in Massachusetts
• Off-duty soldiers compete with local labor for
  jobs at shipyard
• Fistfight breaks out, March 5, 1770 over jobs
• That evening a mob gathers to taunt soldiers
• Things get out of hand and British soldiers fire
  into crowd
• Crispus Attucks and 4 others killed
• Sam Adams others declare it The Boston Massacre
• John Adams defends the soldiers what was
  outcome?

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Tension Mounts in Massachusetts
• Violence on the part of the colonists leads to
  Britain to find provocateurs and ship them to
  England for trial
• The colonies respond by creating committees of
  correspondence as a communications network to
  keep the leaders informed about threat to
  colonists liberty

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Tension Mounts in Massachusetts
• Colonists Tea Boycott working so well that 17
  million pounds of tea in warehouses
• British East India Tea Company going broke
• Lord Frederick North has brainstorm to remove
  sell BEITs tea without imposing the Tea Tax
  figuring the colonists would go for the lower
  price
• Dec 16th 1773, protesters board ships docked in
  Boston Harbor dump 18,000 lbs. of BEITs tea
  overboard
• BECAME KNOWN AS THE BOSTON TEA PARTY

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• British Response to Tea Party
• Intolerable Acts (named by Colonists)
• Shut Down Boston Harbor
• Quartering Act allowed British to forcible
  house soldiers in colonist homes
• British General Gage is named new Governor
• Massachusetts is placed under Martial Law (rules
  enforced by military law)

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Colonial Response to Intolerable Acts
• September 1774 First Continental Congress
• Met In Philadelphia
• Declaration of Colonial Rights
• Colonies have right to run themselves
• Support for protests going on in Mass.
• If British use force colonies will fight back

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Lexington Concord
• After 1st Continental Congress, many New England
  colonists begin accumulating weapons
• Minutemen civilian soldiers
• Concord rumors that large stockpiles of arms
  there
• Lexington rumors that Hancock Adams and other
  colonist leaders were staying there

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Lexington Concord
• British General Gage marches his troops to
  Concord to destroy weapons capture Hancock,
  Adams and others
• This plan is leaked to Dr. Warren who advises
  Paul Revere other colonial leaders
• April 18th 1775 Revere, Dawes and others ride
  to Concord/Lexington to warn of British intent

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Lexington Concord
• Sneak Attack is thwarted
• April 19th at Lexington British Troops are met by
  small band of Minutemen
• accidental shooting starts brief melee in which
  8 minutemen killed one British soldier injured
• Battle of Lexington lasted 15 minutes

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Chapter 4 Section 1 The Stirrings
of Rebellion

• Lexington Concord
• British troops march on to Concord
• By this time, 3 or 4 thousand minutemen had
  arrived
• Using guerilla tactics they pick off marching
  troops
• British Troops humbly return to Boston