Characteristics of Life

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Characteristics of Life
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All Living Things Share Common Characteristics

• Basic unit is the cell
• Reproduce
• Have DNA
• Grow develop
• Obtain use energy
• Respond to their environment
• Maintain homeostasis
• AS A GROUP, living things change over time
  (evolve)

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Characteristics of Organisms
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All Organisms are made of Cells

• Cells are the smallest living unit of organisms.
• Cells are complex and highly organized.
• Organisms may be composed of a single cell (like
  bacteria) or many cells (like plants, animals,
  and fungi).

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Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their Genetic
Traits
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Reproduction

• Sexual Reproduction
• Involves 2 parents
• Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ZYGOTE
• Offspring DIFFERENT from parents

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Reproduction

• Asexual reproduction
• Involves a single organism or cell
• Cell divides
• Offspring IDENTICAL to parent

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All organisms have DNA
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All Organisms have DNA

• DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) carries the
  genetic code for all organisms
• All organisms contain DNA
• DNA codes for the proteins that make up cells
  do all the work

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Organisms Grow develop
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Organisms grow and develop

• Organisms grow by producing more cells by cell
  enlargement
• Organisms develop as they mature into an adult
  organism
• Monarch to chrysalis

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Organisms Require Food Energy
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Food Requirements

• Autotrophs can make their own food
• Heterotrophs can NOT make their own food

These cyanobacteria stromatolites are in shark
bay, Australia. They are halophiles!
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Organisms Respond to their environment

• Organisms respond to temperature, water, food
  supplies, etc. in order to survive reproduce

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Homeostasis

• Keeping the internal environment of the cell or
  organism within the ranges required for life
• Stable internal conditions of pH, temperature,
  water balance, etc.

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Living Things Evolve

• Groups of organisms (not individuals) change over
  time in order to survive within changing
  environments.
• Fossil records show changes in groups of organisms

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Life is Organized on Several Levels

• Atoms
• Molecules
• Organelles
• Cells life starts here
• Tissues
• Organs
• Organ System
• Organism
• Population
• Community
• Ecosystem
• biosphere

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• Boston Dynamics