24TH SOUTHWEST GEOTECH CONFERENCE

1
?1? ???????????
???? ????? 2007.9
2
??? ?????????????
1-1 ????
??????????,????????(??????????????????)? ???????
????????????????? ???????????? ????????????????
??????????????????,???????????????????,?????????
??????????????????????????
3
1.1 ????
??????
???? ????
??
?????????????????????????
??
?????
4
1-1 ????
??????(??????)???????????????????????????,???????
????,????????????????,???????????
?? ????????,???????? ????????,?????????
???????,??????????,??????,??????????
5
1-1 ????
????????????????
?????????????????? ??????,??,??,??,??
????,????,????,???
6
1-1 ????
??????????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? ????????????????????????
??????????????? ???????????????????????????
????????????????????????
7
1-2 ????
??
??
??
??


?????,?????
????
????
8
1-2 ????
???????????????,???????? ????????????
????????? ?????????
9
1-2 ????
??????????????,???????? ????????????,????? ?????
?????????????????????????,?????????,????? ???????
??????? ????????,???????????
???(????cm??1m)
??????
10
1-2 ????
?????? ??????????????????,?????????????,????
???????????????????????? (?)????????,????
???????????????????,???????????
???????????????????????,??????????????????????????
?????
11
1-2 ????
?????? (?)?????????? ???????????????????????????
????????????????? ?????????????????????? ??GB 500
21-94???????????????????1-1?
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /mm ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? /mm
??(??)?? gt200 ???? 0.0752
??(??)?? 20200 ???? 0.0050.075
???? 220 ???? lt0.005
12
1-2 ????
????

• ?? ???????,??????????
• ????

13
1-2 ????
(?)???????? ??????????????????????,???????????????
????????? ??????????gt0.075mm
??????lt0.075mm ????????lt 0.075mm,
???? gt0.075mm
14
1-2 ????
(?)???????? 1.??? ?????????????,??????????????????
????????,??????????,??????????????,???????????????
??????X() ??mi,m-???????????????????
15
1-2 ????
??????????
200g
P 95 87 78 66 55 36
10 5.0 2.0 1.0 0.5 0.25 0.1
10 16 18 24 22 38 72
????????????P()
??(mm)
??(mm) 0.05 0.01 0.005
???P() 26 13.5 10
???
16
1-2 ????
2.???? ???????????????????????????????????? ??????
?????????????
17
1-2 ????
3.??????

1-1 ????????
18
1-2 ????
(?)????????????? ?????????? (1)??????????,???????
???????????? (2)??????,??????????????????? ??????
??,??????????,??????Cu?????Cc,??????



(1-2)
19
1-2 ????

(1-3) ??d10,d30?d60?????????
????????????10,30?60????????d10??????
d60???????
20
1-2 ????
???????????????????????????????,??????????????????
????????????? Cu?,??? Cu?,???Cc??,???d10d30?
Cc??,???d30d60? ???????,Cugt5,?Cc13?,????,??,
???
21
1-2 ????
?????? (?)??? ???????????,????,????,??????
?? ??????????,??????,????????????,????????
???????????????????????????,????????????????????,?
????????? ???????????????????????(?????,?
??????,?)?
22
1-2 ????
(?)??? ?????????,????????????,?????????????? (????
??????)
1.???? ????????????????????,??????????????????????
?????,??,????????????????,????????????
23
1-2 ????
2.??? ?????????????????????????? ??????,?????????
?,?????????? ??????????,????????????(??????????),
??????????
24
1-2 ????
?????? ?????????????????????????????????????????
?????????
25
1-3 ????
?????? (?)????
26
1-3 ????
?????? (?)?????
27
1-3 ????
?????? (?)???? ?????????????,?????????????
??????????????????????????????????,???????,????,??
??,????????

??????
28
1-4 ????????
????? ????????????,????????????,?????? ?????????
????,?????????????,???????
?????
29
1-4 ????????
??????????????? (?)????????? ???????????????,????,
???Mg/m3(?g/cm3)? ?????

(1-4) ?????,????????????
30
1-4 ????????
?????????,???????????,????,???kN/m3??????

(1-5) ??W????,???kN
g??????
31
1-4 ????????
(?)????Gs ????????????(???)????4???????(???)??(???
),?????
(1-6)
?
(1-7) ??
?????,??????????
4???????,1.0g/cm3 4????????
???????????????
32
1-4 ????????
????????????,??????????,?????????????????????????,
??????,?????????,?????????

(1-8) ??m1?????
m2?????? ms??????
t ºC????????
33
????
m0 ms
m1
m2 ???? ??????
????? ??????
m1ms??(?)???????? m1ms-m2??????????
???
34
1-4 ????????
(?)?????w ?????,??????,?????????????????,??????,??
???

(1-9) ??????????????,?????????,???????,?100?105?
?????,??????,???????
35
1-4 ????????
????????????? (?)?????e ?????????????????,?????,?
????
(1-10) (?)?????n ?????
????????????,???????????,??????,?????

(1-11)
36
1-4 ????????
(?)?????Sr ?????????????????,??????,?????

(1-12)
37
1-4 ????????
(?)????d?????d ???????????????,???

(1-13)
???????????????,????

(1-14) ???,?????,??,??????????????????????????????
??????,???????????????,??????
38
1-4 ????????
(?)?????sat??????sat ????????????????????????????
?????????
(1-15)
39
1-4 ????????
??????,??????????????,?????
(1-16)
40
1-4 ????????
(?)????????(????)? ????,????????,???????,?????
???,????????,?????




(1-17)
41
1-4 ????????
????,?????????,?????????????????????????,?????

(1-18) ?

(1-19) ?????????????????,????????????????????
42
1-4 ????????
???????????? ??????????????????????,??????????????
(?)?????????? ??????????1,?
??,?????Vv?e,?????V?(1e),???
(1-20) ?

(1-21)
?????(a)
43
1-4 ????????
(?)?????????????? ??????V?1,??d ms
/V,????????ms??d,?w mw / ms????mw?w
?d???,??(1-4)?????
?

(1-22)
44
1-4 ????????
(?)????????????? ??????????1,??
,?????Vv?e??s ms / Vs??????ms??s???,??d?????
???(1-6)???
(1-23)
45
1-4 ????????
(?)????????????????? ??????????1,??eVv/Vs???vve
??s ms / Vs??????ms?s??w mw / ms
,????mww?s,?????vw mw / ?w w?s/?w???,S

(1-24) ?????,?Sr?100,?
(1-25) ??wsat???
???
46
1-4 ????????
(?)????????????? ?????????1,??eVv/V
,?????Vv?e??s ms / Vs??????ms??s???,??(1-18)?

(1-26)
47
1-4 ????????
???1-2????????????????60cm3,??????108g,??????????9
6.43g,???????????Gs?2.7,??????????????????????????
???????? ???(1)??V60cm3,m108g,???(1-4)?
?m/v180/
601.8g/cm3
48
1-4 ????????
(2)??ms96.43g,? mwm-ms108-96.4311.57g ??(1-8)
,?? w mw/ms11.57/96.4312 (3)??Gs2.7,?
Vs ms /?s96.43 /2.735.7cm3
VvV- Vs 60-35.724.3cm3 ??(1-
11),??
24.3 /35.70.68
(4)??(1-12) n Vv/V24.3 /6040.5 (5)???w???
Vw mw/?w11.57 /111.57cm3
????(1-13) Sr Vw/Vv11.57 /24.348
49
1-4 ????????
??Braja M. Das Advanced Soil Mechanics p.5?
For a soil in natural state, given e0.8,
Gs2.68 and w24. (a) Determine the moist unit
weight, dry unit weight, and degree of
saturation. (b) If the soil is made completely
saturated by adding water,what would its moisture
content be at that time? Also find the saturated
unit weight.(e unchanged)
????????????? e0.8,???? Gs2.68,????24,? (
a) ???????????????? (b)???????,??????,???????????
????(???????????)?
50
1-4 ????????
?(a)
(b)
51
1-4 ????????
??? A saturated soil sample weighs 0.4N and its
volume is 21.5 cm3. The weight and the volume are
0.33N and 15.7 cm3after being non-completely
(partly) dried in an oven for a period. The
corresponding degree of saturation is
75. Determine the water content w, void ration e
and dry unit weight ?d before drying. ??1-3????
???0.4N ,???21.5 cm3??????????????,??????0.33N,???
??15.7 cm3,????75 ????????????? w???? e ???? ?d ?
52
1-4 ????????
????????,?????Vv2,????????Vw2,? ????? ?????
?????

3.6cm3
4.8cm3,
53
1-10 ???????????e0.72,??????Gs2.61?? (1)
???????????? (2) ?????????60,????????
For a soil in natural state, given e0.72, and
Gs2.61. (a) Determine the porosity, dry unit
weight, and saturated unit weight. (b) If degree
of saturation of the soil is 60, calculate the
unit weight.
54
1-11 ??????,?
,???
55
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
???
?????
?????????????? ? ???????
????d????e????n
emin 0.35
??????
??????????? ????????
??
????
emin 0.20
56
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
???????????? ???????Dr????????????,????



(1-27) ??Dr????? emax?????????????
?? emin???????????????
e0?????????????????
57
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
??(1-23)?????????????

(1-28) ???dmax??????????
?dmin?????????? ?d????????????????
? ??????????????????????,?????????????
???????????????????????
58
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
????,??????Dr???????????
0ltDr1/3 ???
1/3ltDr2/3 ???
2/3ltDr1
???
59
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
A sample of sand, given ?14.7 kN/m3, w13,
?dmin12kN/m3 , ?dmax16.6kN/m3 . Estimate its
compaction state.
Solution
60
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
So, it is loose.
61
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
???????? (?)???????? ?????????????????????????????
?????,??????????????? ???????????? ???? ?????????
???????????????????,???????????????
??
??
??
???
62
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
(?)????????? 1.????? ????????????????,????????????
,??????????????????? (Atterberg limits
)? ??(wL)??????????????????,????????????? ??(
wp )???????????????????,????????????? ??( ws
)???????????????????,??????????????????????????
63
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
2.??????? ?????????????????? ??? ???????????????
?? ???? ?????????
????????? ??-5???2mm????? 10mm??-
5???10mm????? 17mm??- 5???17mm?????
64
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
2.??????? ??????????????????????
65
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
2.??????? ?????????????????????? ???????????????
??????
25?????13mm???????
66
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
???????????,????????????????,?????????????,????,??
,??????????????0.1g?,?????


(1-29) ??ws????() w???????() V1??????(
cm3) ,V2??????(cm3)
67
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
(?)????????? 1.???? ????????????????(?????)? ?Ip?
?,???,? ??????,????????,?????????

68
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
? ? ? ? ? ? ?????????? GB50007-2002
?????????76g???????????10mm???????????
69
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
2.???? ???????????????? ???

(1-31) ??IL????,?????
w???????? ???????????????????????????,??????????
??
0.00 0.25 0.25 - 0.75 0.75 1.00
?? ?? ??
ILlt0 IL0 1 ILgt1
???? ???? ? ?
70
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
  ?????? ??????????
GB50007-2002
71
1-5 ??????????? ????????????
??? ???????????s 27.5 kN/m3,???40,???22,????98
,????1.15,?????????????????????? ???
????????????????18,????????????????
                                         
                                   
      IL gtl,???????????
72
1-6 ??????
?. ??????

• ???? ???V1000cm3???w25??
• ???? ????n3???d30cm??N27/?
• ????

• ???? ??cosnst???????
• ?????????,???d

?

• ?????????????,??????????

????
73
1-6 ??????
??????? ??????????????,?????????,????????????????
?????????????? ????????(????) ??dlt5mm
V947cm3, m2.5kg, 3? 25?, ??30.5cm ??
dlt40mm V2104cm3, m4.5kg, 5? 56?, ??47.7cm
74
1-6 ??????
??????? ????????? (?)?????? ?????(????N), ?????wo
p
75
1-6 ??????
??????? (?)??????? 1????????????????????
2????????????????? (?)???????? ?????,Ip?,???????,
??? (?)??????? ?dgt5mm????????2530?,???????,???
?? ?? dgt5mm??????????????????????????
76
1-7 ??????
??????????????????????? ???????? (?)???????????
??????????????? ????60mm??????? ??????????????? ?
??50????????? ???????????1550 ??????????????
?????????15??,?????,??????????????????
77
1-7 ??????
(?)?????? ???????0.075mm???????????50????????????
???????????????????2mm????????????50????????????
??2mm??????????????50????????
78
1-7 ??????
(?)?????? ???????0.075mm???????????????50????????
??????????? 1???????????????25??????? 2????????
??????2550?????????? 3?????????????????? ?????
?????????
79
1-7 ??????
80
1-7 ??????
81
1-7 ??????
???1-5??A,B,C???,????????????????B?????38,???19,
C?????47,???24????????????
82
1-7 ??????
???(1)?A????? ???1-28??A??????60mm???????,?????0.
075mm??????98,??50,??A?????? ??????????2mm?????
?63,??50,??A?????? ??????2,??5,???? ????????
d10,d30?d60???0.32mm?1.65mm?3.55mm,??,???????
Cu d60/d103.55
/0.3211.0 ??????
Cc(d30)2 / d10 d601.652 /0.323.552.40
83
1-7 ??????
???Cugt5,Cc13,??A????????(GW)? (2)?B????? ???1-2
8?B???????0.075mm??????72,??50,??B?????? ??????
??2mm??????8,??50,??B??????,???0.075mm??????28,
?1550??,??B???????? ???B?????38,????Ip38-19
19,?17mm??????CL?,?B???????????(SC)?
84
1-7 ??????
(3)?C????? ???1-28?C???????0.075mm??????46,??25
50??,??C?????????????????2mm???????,?????????
???C?????47,????Ip47-2423,?17mm??????CL?,?C????
??????????(CLS)?
85
1-7 ??????
??????????????????? ????????????????????????????
?????????????????,????????? (?)?????? ???????2mm??
????????50,????????? (?)????? ???????2mm?????????
??50?????0.075mm???????50,???????? ?????????????
?
86
1-7 ??????
(?)?? ????????????10,????0.075mm??????????50,????
???? (?)?????? ?????????10,????0.075mm???????????5
0,?????????????,???????????????,???????,?????????
????????????1.5????????????????1.5,??????1.0??????
????? ?? Ipgt17 ????10ltIplt17
87
End of Chapter 1 ??
88
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??
??
??
??
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89
???
???
90
???
91
?????
92
???
93
?????
94
???
95
???