HSB 4U

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HSB 4U

• Chapter 1
• Ms. Gluskin

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CBC News. (2014, Aug. 24). Tina Fontaine, slain
teen remembered at Manitoba funeral. Retrieved
Sept. 3, 2014 from http//www.cbc.ca/news/canada/m
anitoba/tina-fontaine-slain-teen-remembered-at-man
itoba-funeral-1.2745031
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Missing and Murdered Aboriginal Women

• Tina Fontaine, 15, of Winnipeg, was found dead,
  in a bag, in the Red River. She was from the
  Sagkeeg First Nation, north of Winnipeg. She had
  been living in foster care but ran away from
  home. Her father had been violently beaten in
  2011.
• Consequently there has been a lot of discussion
  about having a full inquiry into the deaths and
  disappearances of hundreds of Aboriginal women
  across Canada.
• ACTIVITY
• A) Given this information, what questions would
  you ask in order to find out more? Think in a
  social science mode.
• B) How would you go about finding out the answers?

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Asking Questions and Finding Answers in Social
Science
Judgements Scientific Research
Personal stories (anecdotes) Research methods PO, interview, survey, controlled experiment
Personal opinions Analysis
Intuition Data (statistics)
Personal experience
SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE
Conclusion social science is studied using
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Definitions - Matching
Anthropology organization developed to meet societys basic needs.
Culture Its goal is to develop a broad and comprehensive understanding of what it means to be human.
Sociology The systematic study of human social life, groups, and societies.
Social Institution The learned patterns of behaviour and thought that help a group adapt to its surroundings.
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Headings in First Set of Notes?

• What was the title of the section of the chapter
  that covered pages 6-8?

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History of Globalization in Brazil

• Globalization is simply increased trade links
  between countries.
• What happened to Brazils economy since the
  1950s?
• Mechanization on large sugar plantations
• Less subsistence farming
• GDP per capita increased

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Social Effects of Globalization

• Ones intuition might lead to thinking that all
  of Brazil benefited from the economic changes.
• What happened in Bom Jesus as a result of the
  economic changes?
• Diet changed
• Infant mortality rate very high (stats)
• Other

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Scheper-Hughes Research Methods

• How did she collect her data?
• How did she learn from the women?
• What safeguards did she use to protect them and
  encourage them to be forthcoming with their
  stories?

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Key Concept Connections

• Which key concepts connect to the Bom Jesus case
  study other than the one bolded (GDP per capita)?
• Participant observation
• Anthropology
• Culture
• Behaviour

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Anthropology, cont Kinship

• Why is kinship an anthropological topic?
• Is kinship a synonym of family?

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Family Tree
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American Nuclear Family
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Ju/Wasi Camp
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Trobriand Island
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Ethnography

• What is it?
• Who uses it?

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Kinship Matching
Mating ___ A) Descent
Birth ___ B) Marriage
Nurturance ___ C) Adoption
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Kinship cont

• A family friend you call auntie is an example
  of
• How could you tell if a family is matrilineal or
  patrilineal?

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Challenges of Kinship in a Diverse Society

• In groups, take these scenarios and rank them
  most (1) to least (7) in terms of the challenge
  they pose in the multicultural society of Canada.
• A Same-sex marriage
• B Same-sex marriage spouses adopting children or
  using a surrogate mother
• C Cohabitation
• D Blended families
• E Intercultural marriages
• F Arranged marriages
• G Children being raised abroad by their
  grandparents

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Schools of Thought

• Are schools of thought the same as disciplines?
• No, disciplines of social science are A, P, S.
• Schools of thought are sub-divisions within a
  discipline.
• Definition groups certain theorists and their
  approaches together when they have certain
  commonalities in how they interpret data.

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Schools of Thought in Anthropology Chart (12-14)
Functionalism Structuralism Cultural Materialism
Similar-ities Attempts to understand cultures Attempts to understand cultures Attempts to understand cultures
Unique Focus
Critic-isms
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Social Institutions Three Definitions

• Examples family, economy, religion, education.
• Established laws, practices and customs in a
  society.
• The organized way a society develops to meet its
  basic needs.
• Organized pattern of beliefs and behaviours that
  focus on providing basic social needs and
  producing and reproducing social relations.

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Schools of Thought in Anthropology, cont

• For each of the following, indicate whether it
  matches with Functionalism (A), Structuralism
  (B), or Cultural Materialism (C)
• __ Learn how good or bad are defined in context.
• __ Every practice has a purpose.
• __ Infrastructure structure superstructure and
  technology.
• __ Technology and economy determine what a
  society will be like.
• __ Institutions serve the best interest of the
  majority.
• __ Overlooks negative results of some practices.
• __ May try to fit the culture to the rules rather
  than vice-versa.
• __ Too much focus on logic and stability.
• __ Seeks to understand how the human mind forms
  binary opposites.
• __ Most economic in focus.
• __ Involves social institutions.

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Anthro Schools of Thought

• Which two seem most related?
• __ and __ because of their emphasis on
  ___________.
• Which definition of social institution seems most
  functional?
• Look at the time period for each school of
  thought on page 13. What does this tell you?

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Binary Opposites
Not simply opposites anthropologists must seek
out and explain these rules.
These binary opposites are defined in a
particular culture in a way that is logical to
its members.
Bain, C., et. al. (2002). Transitions in society
the challenge of change. Toronto Oxford.
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Psychology
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Psychology
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Darley and Latane Frisbee Experiment (p.
16)

• Purpose Why are they conducting this experiment?
• Method How do they gather data?
• Conclusions What conclusions/lessons do they
  arrive at based on their data? (include a lesson
  and the data that supports it)
• Key concepts bystander, confederate, variable,
  situation (environment, conditions, setting that
  influences people), behaviour

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• When have you been a confederate?
• Are you more often a bystander or an actor? Such
  as when

UBC. (N.d.). The Really Campaign. Retrieved Sept.
8, 2014 from http//really.ubc.ca/?attachment_id
419
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Psychology Experiments

• Which gender multitasks better?
• Does gender impact creativity?
• Does gender impact on moral decisions?
• Will people remember pictures or words better?
• Can memory be influenced by diet?

Ideas from http//www.apa.org/ed/precollege/underg
rad/ptacc/instructors-guide.pdf
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Types of Psychologists

• For each psychologist, are they clinical,
  experimental, developmental?
• Freud _______
• Adler _______
• Jung _______
• Pavlov _______
• Piaget _______
• Skinner _______
• Erikson _______

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Types of Psychology (not schools of thought)

• Clinical
• Experimental
• Developmental psychology
• The study of progressive behavioural changes in
  an individual throughout the lifespan.

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Psychology

• Did you notice any major differences in the way
  the various psychologists looked at human
  behaviour?
• Were some similar enough to each other that you
  might classify them into the same school of
  thought?

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Psychology Matching from Handout

• Name the psychologist associated with each
  theory. In some cases, name the theory as well.
• Children feel inferior so they compensate by
  looking for experiences that give them a sense of
  power. This is called ______________________.
• Personal and collective unconscious.
• Associate food with bell. This is called
  __________________.
• Reward and punishment (or withholding of reward).
  This is called _______________________.
• Learning stages take place in the same order and
  at roughly the same age.
• Good and bad consequences of actions lead to
  learning.
• Identity crisis.
• Unconscious mind significantly influences
  behaviour.

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Schools of Thought in Psychology

• Psychoanalytic Theory focuses on a view of the
  mind that includes conscious and unconscious (and
  its parts). Tends to emphasize unconscious part
  of mind.
• Behaviourism focuses on what motivates human
  behaviour, especially through early child-rearing
  methods.
• Learning Theory focuses on most human behaviour
  being learned.

See text pages 18-21 for homework.
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Psychology Matching From Text

• Name the psychologist associated with each
  theory.
• Permissive child-rearing produces well-adjusted
  children.
• Strict schedules and rules are good for children
  while growing up.
• Kids model behaviour learned through observation.
  
• Divided the mind into three parts. They are
  called ___, ______, ____________.
• Did experiments with rats, pigeons.
• Did experiments with dogs.
• Learning is a result of a stimulus-response
  effect.

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Psychology From Text, cont
Neuroses __ A conscience
Id __ B anxiety
Superego __ C pleasure
Ego __ D external reality
Food __ E imitation
Coloured disk __ F response
Bobo the clown __ G stimulus
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Sociology Basics

• Role
• Hierarchy
• Status
• Role
• Norms

All of this takes place within various social
institutions.
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Structure and Organization of Society

• Social Institutions
• Roles
• Ascribed (born into), Achieved (earned)
• Equality / Inequality / Income / Socioeconomic
  status
• Urban / Rural
• Ethnicity/Culture/Race
• Language
• Education
• Gender

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Role Conflict

• What are some typical teenage role conflicts?
• What are some role conflicts experienced by your
  parents?

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Role Additional Definition

• A set of expectations for people who occupy a
  given social position

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Sociological Schools of Thought

• Definitions you will need
• Capitalism an economic system in which profit
  is the driving force in a free market with little
  government interference
• e.g.,
• Opposite

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• Assimilation the act of minority groups giving
  up their unique culture and blending into the
  majority
• e.g.,
• Opposite

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Sociological Schools of Thought
S of T Main Ideas (what you personally like) - (what you personally dont like)
Funct I dont like that it doesnt focus on change or conflict (ignores poverty, class issues)
Neo-M
Sym Int
Fem
Incl
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Social Institutions and Sociological S of T

• Functionalism
• Role of social institutions
• Key social institutions (according to
• ? basic needs)

?
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• Neo-Marxism
• Key social institutions (determinism)

POWER
X
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• Symbolic Interactionism
• Role of social institutions?

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• Feminist Theory
• Values within social institutions tend to be
• Determinism
• The problem is that values
• within _____________s tend
• to be sexist, or ____________.

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• Inclusionism

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Sample Quiz Question

• Feminist theorists believe that social
  institutions are
• A Patriarchal
• B Equal
• C Symbolically interactive
• D clinical

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TOO SIMPLE A Question

• Male dominated is a synonym for
• A patriarchy
• B hierarchy
• C binary opposite
• D neurotic