The Bunsen burner

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The Bunsen burner
Invented by
Robert Wilhelm Bunsen
Circa 1855
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Robert Bunsens first Burner
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Parts of the Bunsen Burner
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Methane gas is fed from the gas inlet through the
gas control valve.
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SAFETY

• Burns from a Bunsen burner are the most common
  lab accidents
• Temperatures are very hot and at NO TIME should
  you PLAY with the flame.
• Long hair MUST be tied back. Hair is VERY
  flammable.
• SAFETY GLASSES MUST be worn at ALL TIMES.

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SAFETY

• Make sure that NO FLAMMABLE objects are near the
  lit Bunsen Burner.
• If you burn yourself, place the burned area under
  cold water and tell a teacher.

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The Flames of the Bunsen Burner
Non- Luminous
With the Air Hole OPEN
Un-burnt gas
This flame is very HOT
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Luminous Bunsen Flame

• This flame is
• Yellow
• Silent
• Visible
• Cool
• Sooty
• Safe

The "coolest" flame is a yellow / orange color. 
It is approximately 300C.  It is never used to
heat anything, only to show that the Bunsen
burner is on.  It is called the safety flame.
The Air-hole is CLOSED
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The medium flame, also called the blue flame or
the invisible flame is difficult to see in a
well-lit room.  It is the most commonly used
flame. It is approximately 500C.
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Roaring Flame Non- Luminous
The hottest flame is called the roaring blue
flame.  It is characterized by a light blue
triangle in the middle and it is the only flame
of the 3 which makes a noise.  It is
approximately 700C.

• This flame is
• Blue
• Noisy
• Non-luminous
• Very hot
• Clean
• Dangerous if left unattended

The Air-hole is OPEN
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Lighting the Bunsen burner

• Step 1
• The first step is to check for safety - lab coat
  on, long hair tied back, safety glasses on, books
  and papers away from the flame, apparatus set up
  not too close to the edge of the table...

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• Step 2
• The second step is to look at the holes.  Check
  that the holes are closed.  The holes can be
  adjusted to let in more or less air by turning
  the collar (see photos below).

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CLOSED
OPEN
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• Step 3
• Wait for the teacher's permission, then light
  the match.   Some people prefer to turn the gas
  on and light the match after.  The problem is, if
  the match breaks or goes out, the gas is leaking
  out of the tap while you get a new match.

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• Step 4
• Light the Bunsen burner.  When you have a flame
  from the match, turn on the gas tap.  In some
  labs, to turn it on, you must first push down,
  then turn the tap. This is a safety feature so
  the taps are not accidentally pushed open.
  Approach the match to the top of the Bunsen
  burner and it should light.

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Tap Closed
Tap Open
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• Step 5
• Adjust the flame by turning the collar so that
  you have the appropriate flame for the experiment
  (usually the medium blue flame). 

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• Step 6
• During the experiment, stay vigilant so that if a
  problem occurs, you are ready to turn off the
  flame quickly.  This means that you should not
  leave your table unattended. 

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• In order to have a fire, there must be three
  elements
• Fuel -- something which will burn
• Heat -- enough to make the fuel burn
• Air -- more specifically, oxygen

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VOCABULARY

• FLAMMABLE means to burn easily
• VIGILANT stay alert, be watchful,
• LUMINOUS able to be seen, visible
• NON-LUMINOUS cannot be seen, invisible

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Credits

• http//www.mr-damon.com/experiments/bunsen/lightin
  g.htm
• http//dbhs.wvusd.k12.ca.us/Electrons/Bunsen-Burne
  r.html
• http/ch/emscape.santafe.cc.fl.us/chemscape/catofp
  /bunsbur/bunsbur2.htm
• http//jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/JCESoft/CCA/CCA5/MAIN
  /1ORGANIC/ORG01/TRAM01/B/0041721/THUMBS.HTM