LEQ:%20How%20did%20eukaryotic%20cells%20evolve?

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LEQ How did eukaryotic cells evolve?

• Reading 12.4 (final) 13.2 (unit 4)
• Test tomorrow!
• Activator evolution
• Define the terms organism and biodiversity.
  In your opinion Do you think biodiversity has
  increased or decreased through the history of
  life? Do you think biodiversity is increasing or
  decreasing presently? Why?
• Key terms stromatolite, endosymbiosis

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LEQ How did eukaryotic cells evolve?

• Which of the following is a network of proteins
  that supports and gives shape to a cell?
• A) vesicles B) vacuole C) cytoskeleton D)
  cytoplasm
• Which organelle contains enzymes that break down
  damaged cell parts?
• A) centriole B) lysosomes C) vacuole D)
  mitochondria
• What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?
• A) communicate with other cells B) convert solar
  energy
• C) process and deliver proteins D) copy DNA

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Microbes have changed the physical and chemical
composition of Earth.

• The oldest known fossils are a group of marine
  cyanobacteria.
• prokaryotic cells
• added oxygen toatmosphere
• deposited minerals

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• Fossil stromatolites provide evidence of early
  colonies of life.

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Eukaryotic cells evolved through endosymbiosis.

• Endosymbiosis is a relationship in which one
  organism lives within the body of another.
• Mitochondria
• chloroplasts (plastids).

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• Mitochondria (pl.) supply energy to the cell.
• Contain DNA

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Mitochondria have life cycles
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• Photosynthetic cells have chloroplasts.
• Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical
  energy.
• Contain DNA

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Evolutionary background

• The endomembrane system
• Cell membrane copy
• mitochondria, chloroplasts
• very microbial
• Cytoskeleton
• some bacteria produce cytoskeletal proteins

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• How did cells evolve?

• Events could have occurred near-simultaneously
  step-wise

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• Relay summary
• Write one summary sentence about what you learned
  in this unit,
• pass to the next member
• How many times can you go around?
• Journal entry
• 5 things I need to work on when I study are

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• Summary
• What are the functions of the cytoskeleton?
• Describe how the endoplasmic reticulum,
  mitochondrion, and Golgi apparatus are
  structurally similar.
• How does the endomembrane system work together
  with the cytoskeleton to transport materials
  across a cell?
• What similarities do mitochondria and
  chloroplasts share?

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• Both membrane-bound organelles have their own DNA
  and help make energy available to the cell
• All are composed of membrane-enclosed chambers.
  The surface area of each is greatly increased by
  folds and layers

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The evolution of sexual reproduction led to
increased diversity.

• Genetic variation is an advantage of sexual
  reproduction.
• Sexual reproduction may have led to the evolution
  of multicellular life.