EPS 221

1
????? ?????? ???????? EPS 221
?.?. ???? ?????? ? ?.?. ????? ????
????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???
???????? ??????? ? ????????
2
?????? ???????? ??????????   Chemical
Sedimentary Rocks
3
2) ?????? ???????? ??????????  Chemical
Sedimentary Rocks

• ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?????
  ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
  ????? ????? ??? ??????? ( ?? ????? ?? ???????
  ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ???????
  ?????? ????????? CO3 ?????????? SO4 ???????
  ????????? ) ??? ????? ??? ??????
• ???? ????????? carbonate rocks
• ????? ??????   Rock Salt
• ?????  Gypsum ? ???????????  Anhydrite
• ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????
• 1? ???????? ???????.
• 2? ?????? ??????.
• 3? ??????? ??????? ????? ????. 

4
????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? classification
of chemical sedimentary rocks

• ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???????
  ????????? ??? ????? ?????
• ???? ?????? ???????? ?????   Calcareous
• ???? ?????? ???????? ???????   Siliceous
• ???? ?????? ???????? ???????   Evaporites  

5
1) ???? ?????? ???????? ?????

• ????? ???? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????

1. ?????????                       CaCO3 Calcite
2. ???????????                CaCO3 Aragonite
3. ??????????          CaMg(CO3)2 Dolomite
4. ?????????     Ca(MgFe) (CO3)2 Ankerite
5. ?????????                     FeCO3 Siderite
6. ??????????               MgCO3 Magnesite

?????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
?????? Monominerallic
6
??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????????

• ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???
  ?????? ???? ??????? ???????1) ????? ???? ?????
  ????????.2) ????? ?????? ?? ??????.3) ?????
  ??????? ????? ?????.4) ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????
  ???????.5) ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????.6) ??
  ???? ????? ?????.7) ???? ??????? ??? ?????
  ?????? ??????.

7
?????? ???? ?????????

• ????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????
  (1) ???????? Grains (??????? ??????? ?????
  ?????? ??? ???? ????).(2) ???? ???? Matrix (
  ????? ?????????? Micrite ).(3) ?????? Cement ( ?
  ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????
  ?????).(4) ?????? Pores ( ???????? ?? ????????
  ??????? ????? ???????).

8
(No Transcript)
9
????? ???? ????????? Classification of Carbonate
Rocks

• ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ?????????
  ???????
• 1? ??? ????????                    
  Grain Size2? ??? ????????              
  Particle Type3? ??? ????? ????????              
    Porosity4? ???? ???????  Degree of
  Crystallization5? ???? ?????          
          Mud Quantity6? ??????? ?????????
  Composition Chemical

10
Classification of limestone (Folk, 1952)
11
? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????

• ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ????? ??
  ?????
• 1? ????? ?????? ????? ???? Inorganic
  Limestone2- ????? ?????? ???????? Oolitic
  Limestone
• 3- ????? ??????? Stalactites ????????
  Stalagmites
• 4- ????? ???????? ?????? Travertine
• 5 ????????? Dolomite
• 6 ?????? ???????? Reef Rocks

12
1? ????? ?????? ????? ???? Inorganic Limestone

• ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? 90 ??????? ?????????
  (???????) ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????
  ??????? ????.
• ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????
  ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? Ca Co3 H2O
  CO2   Ca (HCO3)2  

13
2- ????? ?????? ???????? Oolitic Limestone

• ???? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????
  ?? ???? ????? ( ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??
  ??? ???? ) ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????. ????? ???
  ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????
  ???????? ???????.

14
3 ? ????? ??????? Stalactites ? ???????
Stalagmites

• ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??
  ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????
  ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????. ???????
  ??????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????
  ????????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???
  ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???????
  ?????????.

15
4? ????? ???????? ?????? Travertine

• ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??
  ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???
  ???? ????? ????.

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5 ????????? Dolomite

• ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ( ???????
  ?????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ) ??? ?????
  ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? (?????? ???? ??????)
  ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????
  ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????
  ????? ????? ?????? (????? ??????).
• ? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???
  ????? ??????? ???? ? ?? ?????? ?? ???
  ????????????? ?????? HCl ????? ??? ????? ??????
• ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????
  ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???
  ??? ?????????? ??? ?????????.

17
????? ??????? Types of dolomitization

• ??????? ???????? ( ?? ??????? ??????? )
• Penecontemporaneous Dolomitization or ( Early
  Diagenitic Dolomitization)
• ????? ?? ??? ??????? (?? ??????? ???????? )
• Post-depositional Dolomitization (Late Diagenetic
  Dolomitization)

18
6? ?????? ???????? Reef Rocks

• ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????
  ???????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ????????
  ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????
  ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????
  ????????? Bryozoa ??????????????????
  Stromatoporoids ???????? ??????? Calcareous Algae
  ?????????? Rudistids ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????
  ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??
  ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????. ?????? ???
  ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????? Coralline
  and Calcareous Algae ??????????? Sponges
  ?????????? Bryozoa.

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? ? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? Siliceous Rocks

• 1? ?????? ( ????? ) Flint??? ???? ???? ?? ?????
  ????? ?? ???? ?? ???????? ????????? ????
  ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? Nodules ?? ?????
  Concretions ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????
  ????????.
• 2? ?????? (??? ??????) Chert ???? ??????
  ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???
  ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?????
  Jasper ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????
  ????? ???? .

????? Jasper
?????? Chert
?????? Flint