Communist Revolution

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Communist Revolution
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The End of Emperors

• In 1911, after thousands of years of being ruled
  by emperors, the last of Chinas royal dynastys
  was overthrown
• Over the next 15-20 years, China was in chaos as
  different groups struggled to control the country
• By the 1930s, China entered a period of civil war
  between 2 main political parties to determine who
  would control the country

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2 Political Parties Fight for Control

• Nationalist Party (KMT)
• led by Chiang Kai-shek
• wanted democratic govt

• Communist Party (CCP)
• led by Mao Zedong
• wanted communist govt

4
Communists Win

• After years of civil war, the Communist Party
  wins the fight with the Nationalists for control
• In 1949, China becomes a communist nation lead by
  Mao Zedong
• Chiang Kai-shek and
  his nationalist party
  were forced to flee to
  the tiny island of
  Taiwan

(cause)
(What is it?)
5
Chairman Mao

• Mao Zedong head of Chinese Communist party
  government
• Communist party set all government policies,
  giving Chairman Mao nearly absolute power

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Communisms Goal

• The goal of communism is to make everyone as
  equal as possible, to have a classless society
• There is no private ownership of property (ex.
  land, businesses)
• Everything is run by the govt, like factories,
  schools, hospitals
• The govt provides jobs for everyone and pays
  everyone the same amount of money, no matter what
  their job or how well they do it

(effect)
(effect)
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The Chinese Communist Party . . .

• took land from the wealthy and gave it to the
  poor
• took control over Chinas factories and
  businesses, determining what and how much should
  be made
• forced peasant farmers to combine all their land
  together into collective farms and work
  together to grow food

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Why does all this matter?

• China is still a Communist nation today

(importance)
9
Great Leap Forward (1958)

• A program meant to speed up Chinas economic
  development
• All small farms were combined into larger farms
• All farm factory ownership and decisions were
  in the hands of the govt
• Goals were set for farm and factory production

(what is it?)
(what is it?)
(what is it?)
10

• Propaganda poster of the steel production
  objective. The text reads "Take steel as the key
  link, leap forward in all fields",

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Cultural Revolution (1966)

• A program to increase support for and remove
  opposition to the Communist party

(what is it?)
Chinese poster saying "We'll destroy the old
world and build new." Classical example of the
Red art from the early Cultural Revolution.
Worker crushes the crucifix, Buddha and
classical Chinese texts with his hammer
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Cultural Revolution cont.

• All parts of life suppose to be about communism
• Red Guards (groups of students) patrolled for
  uncommunist
  people

(what is it?)
(what is it?)
13
Causes

• Large gap still existed between the educated
  elite (rich) and peasants (poor)
• Renewed support for the communist party.

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Effects

• Red Guards mistreated many people
• Anything connected to foreign ideas and old
  Chinese ideas were destroyed.
• People were sent out to the countryside to do
  hard labor.
• People told on each other for crimes against
  communism

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Importance

• Time of Chaos
• Many were killed

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• Chinese poster showing Jiang Qing, saying "Let
  new communist culture conquer every stage."

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Tiananmen Sqaure (1989)

• student protests in Tianamen Square against the
  corruption repression of the Communist party

(what is it?)
18
Tiananmen Square Effects
Goddess of Democracy was destroyed.
Communist Party sent in tanks to break up the
protests and arrested thousands of people
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One of the most famous examples of communist
cruelty