Human Geography

1
Human Geography

• People and Places

2
Culture

• The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors
  shared by and passed on by the numbers of a
  specific group.

3
Put what you think makes up culture in this
circle.
Culture
4
Government
Food
Family Interaction
Shelter
Culture
Music
Language
Art
Dance
Education
Religion
5
Culture

• Food and Shelter
• Religion
• Relationship to family and others
• Language

• Education
• Security and Protection
• Political and Social Organization
• Creative Expression

6
Cultural Exchange

Innovation The gold miners wanted clothes that
were strong and did not tear easily. In 1853,
Leob Strauss started a wholesale business,
supplying clothes. Strauss later changed his
name from Leob to Levi.
Diffusion During WWII jeans were introduced to
the world by American soldiers, who sometimes
wore them when they were off duty. In the 1950's,
denim became popular with young people. It was
the symbol of the teenage rebel on T.V. and in
movies. Some schools banned the wearing of
jeans.
Acculturation Different styles of jeans were made
to match the 60's fashions. In many non-western
countries, jeans became a symbol of western
decadence and were very hard to get. In the
summer of '99Tom Ford's feathered, beaded,
beat-up, torn-knee Gucci blue jeans, seen
globally, sell out instantaneously at 3715 a
pop.
7
LANGUAGE
8
There are between 3000 and 6500 different
languages spoken in the world today!!!

• Chinese (937,132,000)
• Spanish (332,000,000)
• English (322,000,000)
• Bengali (189,000,000)
• Hindi/Urdu (182,000,000)
• Arabic (174,950,000)
• Portuguese (170,000,000)
• Russian (170,000,000)
• Japanese (125,000,000)
• German (98,000,000)
• French (79,572,000)

9
Language Tree
10
RELIGION
11
Monotheistic

• 1 God
• Christianity, Judaism, and Islam are examples.

12
Polytheistic

• Belief in many Gods.
• Hinduism and ancient Greek and Egyptian religions
  are examples.

13
Animistic or Traditional

• Often a belief in the divine forces of nature.

14
World Religions
15
Cultural Expression
16
Population Geography
17
Population Terms

• Birthrate live births per 1000 population.
• Fertility Rate Average number of children a
  woman has.
• Mortality Rate Number of deaths per 1000
  people.
• Infant Mortality Rate Number of deaths among
  infants under age of one per 1000 live births.

18
World Mortality Rate
19
Over 6 BILLION !!!
20
(No Transcript)
21
Dont Believe that?

• Then check this out!
• Poodwaddle World Clock

22
Population Density Maps
23
(No Transcript)
24
Urban Geography
25
Urban Geography

• Study of how people use space in a city.

26
Key terms

• The rise in the number of cities and the changes
  in lifestyle that result is called urbanization.
• City Areas with large populations that are
  centers for business and culture.
• Suburbs Political units touching the central
  city or another suburb.
• Exurbs Smaller cities or towns with open land
  between them and the central city.
• Metropolitan Area When a city, suburbs, and
  exurbs link together economically.
• Megalopolis When multiple metro areas overlap.

27
(No Transcript)
28
SIM City !!!!!

• Residential single family housing and
  apartments
• Industrial where goods are manufactured
• Commercial where finished goods are sold

The core of a city is almost always based on
commercial activity. This area of a city is
called the central business district (CBD).
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
Political Geography
32
Nations of the World
State Independent unit that occupies a
territory. Often we use the term Country
instead of state. Nation Refers to a group of
people with similar culture living within a
territory. Nation State When a nation and a
state occupy the same territory. Stateless Nation
When a nation has no territory. Palestinians,
Kurds, and Basques are examples.
33
Growing in Number

• In 1900 there were only 57 countries.
• In 2000 there were 192 countries.
• Today there are 195 countries.

34
What is the largest state / country?

• Russia with an area over 17 million square km !
• That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..

35
What is the smallest state / country?

• Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square
  km.
• That is less than 140 acres!
• It is also landlocked. That means it is
  surrounded by land with no direct access to the
  sea.

36
There are 195 Nation States. And that number is
growing!
37
Democracy

• Citizens hold the power either directly or
  through elected representation.

38
Monarchy

• A ruling family headed by a king or queen holds
  political power and may or may not share power
  with citizen bodies.

39
Dictatorship

• An individual or group holds complete political
  power.

Cubas Castro
North Koreas Kim Jong Il
Russias Stalin
Chiles Pinochet
40
Governments Activity
41
Hurricane
42
Civil Rights
43
Unemployment
44
Epidemic
45
Earthquake
46
Famine
47
Rising Fuel Prices
48
Health Care
49
Poverty
50
Economic Geography
51
Traditional Economy

• Goods and services are traded without using money.

52
Market Economy

• Production of goods and services are determined
  by demand from consumers.

53
Command Economy

• Production of goods and services is determined by
  the government. Production does not necessarily
  reflect consumer demand.

54
WHO AND WHY?

• Who makes economic decisions?
• Who owns resources?
• Who provides goods and services?
• Why?

55
Either ... or ...
FREE MARKET ECONOMY COMMAND ECONOMY (PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHO makes economic decisions?
WHY?
56
Either ... or ...
FREE MARKET ECONOMY COMMAND ECONOMY (PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHO makes economic decisions The market -supply and demand sellers-buyers producers consumers The state
WHY? -to allow competition and thus make the economy more efficient ? -to provide better quality products at lower costs -to redistribute wealth in the country more fairly -to care for public needs
57
Group the following expressions

• government interference
• privately-owned companies
• market mechanism
• market reliance
• state-owned companies
• central planners
• laissez-faire
• government-run business
• central planning system
• privately-run companies
• government intervention
• communism

58
PLANNED E. vs. MARKET E.

• government interference
• state-owned companies
• central planning
• government intervention
• communism

• market mechanism
• market reliance
• privately-owned companies
• privately-run companies
• laissez-faire

59
... or both...
FREE MARKET ECONOMY (FREE ENTERPRISE ECONOMY) COMMAND ECONOMY (PLANNED ECONOMY) MIXED ECONOMY
WHO makes economic decisions The market -supply and demand sellers-buyers producers consumers The state Both the market and the state
WHY -to allow competition and make the economy more efficient -to provide better quality products at lower costs -to redistribute wealth in the country more fairly -to care for public needs To benefit from both economic systems
60
Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the
market economy as opposed to the command economy.
FREE MARKET ECONOMY COMMAND ECONOMY (PLANNED ECONOMY)
advantages
disadvantages
61

• The market has a keen ear for private wants, and
  a deaf ear for public needs.
• (R. Heilbroner)

62
Economic Activities

• Primary Gather raw materials - Pick Cotton
• Secondary Manufacture products Make into
  textiles
• Tertiary Provide services Salesperson at
  store
• Quarternary Provide info management Create
  disease resistant cotton plant.

63
Natural Resources

• Renewable Replaced through natural processes.

64
Natural Resources

• Non- Renewable Can not be replaced once removed
  from the ground.

65
Natural Resource

• Inexhaustible Energy Source Resources, used for
  producing power, that are the result of solar or
  planetary processes and are unlimited in quantity.

66
Infrastructure

• Support systems needed to keep an economy going.

67
Per Capita Income Average amount of money
earned by a person.

• GNP Gross National Product The value of goods
  produced by a country, inside or outside of its
  boundaries.

• GDP Gross Domestic Product The value of goods
  produced within a countrys borders.

68
(No Transcript)