What are the impact of tourism?

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What are the impact of tourism?
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What is the impact?

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Host-guest relationship

• Possible forms of contact between hosts and
  guests
• make tourism influential to different
  stakeholders

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Forms of contact

• when tourists buy goods and services
• when hosts and tourists share a facility
• when tourists and hosts meet for cultural
  exchange
• physical presence of tourists

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Whats wrong with this?
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Tourists code of behaviour

• Travel in a spirit of humility and with a genuine
  desire to learn more about the people of the host
  country.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Be sensitively aware of the feelings of other
  people,
• preventing what might be offensive behaviour on
  your part.
• This applies very much to photography.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Cultivate the habit of listening and observing,
• rather than merely hearing and seeing.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Realise that often the people in the country you
  visit have time concepts and thought patterns
  different from your own
• this does not make them inferior, only different.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Instead of looking for that beach paradise,
  discover the enrichment of seeing a different way
  of life, through other eyes.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Acquaint yourself with local customs - people
  will be happy to help you.
• Learn the magic words.

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Tourists code of behaviour

• Remember that you are only one of the thousands
  of tourists visiting this country and do not
  expect special privileges.
• UNDERSTAND
• ? APPRECIATE
• ? PROTECT

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What is culture?

• is learned
• not born with culture
• is shared, collective.
• includes performing arts or high culture

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6 Most attractive elements in Culture for tourists

• Language
• Food
• Traditions
• History
• Architecture
• Religion

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Language

• The learning of and the ability to use a foreign
  language by a tourist
• provides a means for developing an interest in
  another culture.

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Traditions

• Traditions that characterize a destination or a
  country
• provide a focal point of interest for tourists
• who seek to learn about the way of life in the
  host community.

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Food

• Trying and enjoying the cuisine or food at a
  destination
• is one of the main activities tourists engage in
  when travelling.

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History

• The oral, written, and landscape history of an
  area reflects its past
• and serves as a reminder for both locals and
  tourists of the way of life of the host society
  in earlier times.
• Important events which shaped the existing nature
  of an area and its people also provide insights
  for tourists about the community.

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Religion

• Religion of particular significance to an area
  influences the lifestyle and festivals of the
  host community.
• It is a source of interest amongst tourists as it
  provides further insights about the spiritual
  aspects of the culture of the host community.

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Architecture

• Architectural features provide physical evidence
  of the cultural attributes of an area.
• Often a distinctive architectural style is
  associated with a particular community or
  country.
• Architecture also reflects the availability of
  local building materials, the way the community
  adapts to climatic conditions, or a particular
  design style.

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Socio-cultural impact

• What is demonstration effect?

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Demonstration effect

• Local people seek to
• imitate the visitors behaviour
• Values, lifestyles while travelling
• Transferred or adopted by host population
• Learn from Internet or televisions

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Transformation of values

• demonstration effect
• ? imitate tourists behaviour
• e.g. eating habits, spending patterns
• Local cannot afford the tourists behaviour ?
  frustration
• Pursue democracy and modernization of attitudes
  amongst the young
• negative developments of moral behaviour
• e.g. prostitution, gambling and crime
• ? created locations and environments.

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Commercialization

• Commercialization of art forms and especially
  handicrafts.
• Souvenirs ? may lose their cultural or religious
  meaning in mass production

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Attention for culture

• stimulates a renewed attention for old cultural
  traditions and art forms
• Insights from other parts of the world
• the financial stimulus of tourism.

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Change on architecture

• Not build according to local architectural
  standards
• high-rise buildings are rare, hotels are often
  many stories high
• ?complete changes of the local scenery

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Impact on population structure

• population growth in local community? immigration
• possibility of finding a better paid job.
• Workers flow in and out of the destination ? hard
  to develop a sense of community

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Transformation of forms and types of occupation

• New employment opportunities
• draw workers from other sectors of the economy ?
  class
• Women and young people become less dependent
  financially ? hierarchical strucutres

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Congestion

• using facilities and resources ? impact on daily
  life.
• rapid pace of development or marked seasonality
• ? a large number of tourists compared with local
  population

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Health problems

• By moving around the world tourists may spread
  diseases such as AIDS, H1N1, cholera or malaria.
• Movement of tourists ? may lead to excessive use
  of facilities such as sewage treatment which may
  increase health risks

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Factors that affect cross-cultural tourist-host
contact

• Opportunities for contact
• Attitudes to each other
• Purpose of travel
• Cultural background

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MORE IMPACTS ON TOURISM