Science 9 Review for the Climate Change

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Science 9 Review for the Climate Change
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• 1. The surface features of the earth are called
  ______________.

topography
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• The process by which carbon moves from sphere to
  sphere.

Carbon cycle
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• Areas that absorb and store carbon (when carbon
  is not moving through the cycle)

Carbon sink
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• Carbon containing materials that formed over
  millions of years through the decay, burial, and
  compaction from rotting vegetation on land and at
  the sea floor.

Fossil fuels
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• One of the GHGs that is commonly found in
  fertilizer

Nitrous oxide
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• Heavy colorless gas that is formed especially in
  animal respiration (exhaling), burning of trees,
  or decay of vegetation.

Carbon dioxide
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• The long term removal of trees from an area
  because of changes in land use.

deforestation
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• The study of ancient climates through ice cores,
  tree rings and pollen.

paleoclimatology
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• The average weather for a particular region over
  time.

climate
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• A system that does not allow for the exchange of
  matter between boundaries.

Closed system
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• Layer of permanently frozen ground

permafrost
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• A gas that is produced by organic matter
  decomposing in an environment w/o oxygen. ( cows
  give off this gas)

methane
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• The effect produced by GHGs allowing solar
  energy to pass through the earths atmosphere,
  but preventing it from escaping.

Green House Effect
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• A FRACTION OF THE SOLAR ENERGY REFLECTED FROM THE
  EARTH SURFACE BACK INTO SPACE IS
  CALLED______________.

ALBEDO
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• A chemical compound found in aerosol cans that
  causes a depletion of the ozone layer.

CFCs
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• Trees and plants commonly absorb _____________
  from the atmosphere in a process called
  ________________.

Carbon dioxide, photosynthesis
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• The _________ is a layer of gases that surround
  the earth like a blanket.

atmosphere
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• List the three major carbon sinks

Ocean, soil, forest and vegetation
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• _________ is the GHG that is most damaging to
  the ozone layer

CFC
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• WHAT WAS DEVELOPED TO REPLACE CFCs?

HFCS
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• Gases in the atmosphere that prevent incoming
  solar radiation from escaping
• back into outer space.

GHGs
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• How do volcanos impact the atmosphere and
  climate?

Dust and gas thrown into air. This dust blocks
the suns rays.
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• Do the number of clouds effect the atmospheric
  Albedo? How?

Yes. More clouds more reflection which means
less of the suns rays reach earth
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• How does an increase in water vapor effect the
  atmospheric albedo?

Increased water vapor increased clouds more
reflection
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• How does an melting ice and snow effect the
  surface albedo?

Melting snow means less reflection of the suns
rays. (Earth absorbs sun rays.)
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• What are 3 external forces that effect climate?

Shape of earths orbit, tilt of axis, and wobble
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• How do the continental movements cause climate
  change?

Suns rays hit continent at a different angle,
therefore, changing climate by more or less suns
rays hitting. Changes flow of ocean currents.
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• What are the names of the earths four main
  subsystems? (spheres)

Biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
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• Methane is present in much lower levels than
  carbon dioxide. Why is it such a concern?

It traps 20 more times heat than carbon
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• Fertilizers and manure produce what type of GHG?

Nitrous Oxide
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• Earths rotation makes winds seem to curve. This
  is known as the _____________.

Coriolis Effect
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• What is the purpose of the GHGs?

Keep the temperature on earth balanced.
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• Are GHGs bad?

No. Too many are accumulating in our atmosphere.
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• Is carbon dioxide increasing, decreasing or
  stable on earth?

Stable. It is being moved from one sphere to
another. Too much is in atmosphere.