SGTM 1 A: Peacekeepers

1

• SGTM 1 A Peacekeepers Introduction to
  theUnited Nations System

2

• Historical background
• UN Charter
• Six main organs
• UN system

3

• Failure of the League of Nations
• First use ofUnited Nations
• Establishing the UN
• UN Day, 24th October

4
UN Charter an international treaty

• Purposes and principles of UN
• Rights and obligations ofMember States
• Principal organs and theirprocedures
• Main principles of internationalrelations

5
Preamble

• To save succeeding generations from the scourge
  of war
• To reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights
  ...
• ... in the dignity and worth of the human
  person
• ... in the equal rights of men and women
• ... and of nations large and small

6
Preamble (continued)

• To establish conditions for maintaining justice
  and respect for international law
• To practice tolerance and live together in peace
  as good neighbours
• To unite our strength to maintain international
  peace and security
• To ensure that armed force shall not be used,
  save in the common interest

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Purposes

• Maintain international peace and security
• Develop friendly relations amongnations
• Cooperate in solving economic, social, cultural,
  humanitarian problems
• Harmonize actions of nations for common ends

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Principles

• Sovereign equality of all members
• International disputes settled peacefully
• No threat or use of force
• Every assistance for action supporting Charter
• Non-intervention in domestic jurisdiction

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Principal organs
General Assembly
Security Council
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
Economic and Social Council
Secretariat
10
General Assembly

• Main deliberative organ
• All Member States
• One vote per State
• Fourth Committee Special Politicalissues
• Special Committee on PeacekeepingOperations

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Security Council

• Maintains international peace and security
• 5 permanent members China, France, Russia, UK,
  US
• 10 rotating members, elected for 2-year terms

12
Economic and Social Council

• Central forum for discussing global economic,
  social and developmental issues
• Initiates studies, reports and recommendations on
  economic, social, cultural, educational and
  health matters
• Promotes respect for human rights and fundamental
  freedoms
• Has 54 members serving 3-year terms, elected by
  General Assembly
• Consults non-governmental and civil society
  organizations

13
World Court

• Open to all States party toits Statute
• Legal disputes only betweenStates
• Advisory opinions forUN system

14
Trusteeship Council

• Supervise administration of11 Trust Territories
• All Territories now independent, Council
  suspended

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Secretary-General with DPKO Force
Commanders/Heads of Military Components
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The Secretary-General

• Chief administrative officer
• Alerts Security Councilto threats
• Reports to General Assembly
• Advances purposes ofUN Charter

17
Kofi Annan (Ghanaian),seventh UN
Secretary-GeneralFirst term 1997-2001,second
term 2000-2006
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• UNHCR Office of the United Nations High
  Commissioner for Refugees
• UNICEF United Nations Childrens Fund
• UNDP United Nations Development Programme
• WFP World Food Programme