Edge of town development NAT4/5

1
Edge of town development NAT4/5
2
Title Edge of town development

• 10/10/2016
• Aims
• To find out what type of development is going on
  at the edge of settlements.
• To find out what greenbelt land is.
• To evaluate whether we need it or not.
• To find out the conflicts that are occurring
  because of development in the greenbelt.
• To find out solutions to the conflicts.

3
Lesson starter

• What type of development happens at the edge of a
  settlement?
• Take 2 minutes to discuss and be ready to
  feedback to the class.

4
Development at the edge of settlements
New housing
Motorways and transport
Out of town shopping centres (Braehead)
Golf courses and other recreational land
New industry
New business parks (call centres and banks)
5
Why is it appealing to locate at the edge of a
city?

• Land prices are far cheaper than the CBD. This
  means that companies save money and can make the
  site more attractive (landscaping)
• Many people now own cars and transport links are
  good so people can travel to work or shop.
• The environment is nicer than the busy inner
  city. Lot of greenery and open space.
• There is often a lot of flat land to expand on
  to.
• Commuter towns have appeared due to peoples
  willingness to travel for to work in exchange of
  living in a nicer environment.
• Supermarkets and how they face problems building
  on the edge of a town

6
Greenbelt land

• What do you think that we mean by greenbelt land?
• Greenbelt land is land around a settlement that
  is not meant to be developed on.

Why do you think that is?
7
Map showing Greenbelt Land in England
8
Greenbelt facts

• Glasgow has 109,933 hectares of greenbelt land
• 82 of Britons believe that greenbelts should be
  protected at all costs
• 3 of Scotland is built upon
• In the next 10 years Scotland will need an
  additional 250,000 new homes.
• A recent UK study found continuing migration away
  from towns and cities into the countryside
• Not all greenbelt land is green, some sections
  are derelict or neglected
• Most greenbelt land is privately owned
• 28 of people believe more industry or office
  buildings should be allowed in greenbelts if it
  creates jobs

9
Discussion

• Should we be allowed to develop on greenbelt
  land?
• What are the arguments for and against it?
• Discuss dont write down.
• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/greenfield
  -sites-pt-1-2-narration/1513.html
• http//www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/where-shou
  ld-cambridges-new-housing-go/530.html

10
Why do some people think that we have to develop
on the greenbelt?

• Need for new housing
• BBC - Learning Zone Class Clips - Environmentally
  friendly housing developments - Construction and
  The Built Environment Video
•  
• Industrial estates are required to provide jobs
• New roads to cut down on congestion
• People are wanting to live further away from the
  city
• Recreational land such as golf courses are
  required

11
Conflicts in the rural/urban fringe areas

• As with all developments and land use not
  everyone will be happy. This in turn causes
  conflicts to occur.

12
Conflicts in the rural/urban fringe areas

• What conflicts could you see happening at the
  rural urban fringe?
• 2 minutes write your ideas down.

13
Conflicts in the rural/urban fringe areas

• As the commuter belt expands there is an
  increased demand for new housing people who
  want to preserve the greenbelt will not be happy
  with this.
• This in turn has led to huge increases in the
  volume of traffic on rural roads causing
  conflicts with previous local residents and
  causing pollution.

14
Conflicts in the rural/urban fringe areas

• Property developers have bought up a lot of
  farmland that they want to develop, when they get
  the planning rights to do so this has led to a
  loss of farmland, recreational land and a decline
  in the quality of land due to derelict farms
  being unattended.
• The loss of population from the cities due to new
  commuter settlements has caused a financial
  problem for city councils and caused a loss of
  business from the CBD shopping areas.

15
Conflicts in the rural/urban fringe areas

• Developments on the fringe and greenbelt have led
  to urban sprawl and the loss of land for rural
  purposes.

16
Reasons for building on Greenbelt

• Housing stocks need to grow due to changes in
  family dynamics higher divorce rate has led to
  two house families Some developments are seen
  to be essential on greenbelts.
• The new Hermitage Academy (Helensburgh) was built
  on greenbelt land because there was no other land
  deemed to be suitable.
• Waitrose has recently been built on green belt
  land opposite Hermitage Academy. The concern is
  twofold demise of green land and the impact on
  Helensburghs town centre.

17
Site of Hermitage Academy and Waitrose
18
Farming land must be maintained

• Some of the farmland around Glasgow is owned by
  property developers who purchased the land some
  years ago. The farmers rent the land in the
  knowledge that if planning permission is given,
  housing will be built on the land.
• As a result such farmers are not willing to
  invest in their land and buildings. The
  buildings are often in a poor state of repair,
  fences and gates are not mended and it can become
  an eyesore.
• Near to most urban farms are residential areas.
  This can cause conflict as people use the farm
  for walking their dogs. They may drop litter,
  leave gates open and vandalise crops growing.

19
Farm on Rural Urban Fringe
20
Location of Flenders Farm
21
New roads to cut down on congestion

• The building of the M77 caused a great deal of
  conflict during its planning and construction
  stages.
• The motorway, which was built to improve links
  from the Ayr road to the M8, has been built
  through part of Pollok Country Park and on
  designated greenbelt land as well as farmland.
• Conservationists vigorously campaigned about the
  route as many ancient woodland areas had to be
  cleared to make way for the link.

22
Route of M77 through Greenbelt Land
23
What are the solutions?

• Working in small groups come up with some
  solutions/management techniques that you think
  could be employed to stop the conflicts described.

24

• Key word
• Brownfield site
• Land that has been developed on before and is now
  being re-developed. This means that it will have
  some features such as plumbing and electricity
  already there. It can cost a lot to demolish the
  old buildings though.

25
MEASURES TO REDUCE CONFLICT

• Stricter controls on the greenbelt. Planning
  guidance needs to be updated so that only
  essential development is allowed and where
  nibbling occurs, the greenbelt should be added
  to from elsewhere.
•  
• All brownfield sites should be developed upon
  before building occurs on greenfield sites.
  Continued regeneration of inner city areas may
  encourage a population move back into these
  areas.
• More investment on methods to reduce the volume
  of traffic instead of building more roads.