Imperialism

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Imperialism
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Forms of Imperialism

• Colony foreign power directly controls area
• Protectorate indigenous government kept as long
  as long as it did what the foreign power wanted
• Puppet government
• Sphere of Influence foreign power rules through
  exclusive trade agreements

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North Africa

• French involvement
• Algeria
• Starting in 1830s it takes France over 10 years
  and 100,000 soldiers to control Algeria
• Opposed by Abd al Qadir
• Tunisia taken in 1881
• Morocco sticking point, but taken by 1905
• 1,000,000 French in North Africa by 1905

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Abd al Qadir
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French in Algeria
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North Africa

• British Involvement
• Egypt Suez Canal finished in 1869
• Egyptian government sells land to England to pay
  for debt.
• People dont like this and revolt against
  Egyptian government
• England seizes Suez Canal
• Sudan taken in 1889
• French claim it too compromise British will
  recognize French claim to Morocco and keep Sudan

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Suez Canal
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Suez Canal
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North Africa

• Italian Involvement
• 1911 takes Libya from Ottoman Empire
• Checked with England and France
• Not difficult
• Vindication after loss in Ethiopia

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Sub-Saharan Africa

• West Africa
• Europe trading since 1700s
• Triangular Trade
• Europeans push inward in 1870s

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Triangular Trade
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Berlin Conference of 1884European Powers break
up Africa
Conference Resolution
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Imperialization of Africa
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Sub-Saharan Africa

• Independent States
• Liberia
• Founded in 1822 by James Monroe
• Freedmen could return to Africa
• Protected by USA
• Ethiopia
• Attacked by Italy
• King Menelik unites tribes and crushes Italians
• No other country tries

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King Menelik
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South Africa

• First settled by Dutch
• Afrikaners Dutch settlers
• Boers Dutch farmers
• Became English possession after Napoleonic Wars
• Outlaw slavery Boers are NOT happy
• Afrikaners move inland Orange Free State and
  Transvaal

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South Africa
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South Africa

• Boer War of 1899
• English defeat the Afrikaners
• Ban slavery, but state that indigenous population
  can not participate in government
• 1910 Union of South Africa formed
• Unites all the territories
• Apartheid is put in place
• African National Congress (ANC) starts in 1912
• Nelson Mandela leads movement against apartheid
  (1961)
• Imprisoned for 26 years on Robben Island
  (1963-1990)
• Released and becomes first indigenous president
  of South Africa (1994-1999)

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Latin America

• Remember Conquistadors?
• Mostly Economic Imperialism
• United Fruit Company
• Started by Minor Keith
• Controls the rail-lines and therefore the banana
  trade in several countries
• Use these resources to convince, with USA
  governmental support, Latin American governments

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Minor Keith
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Latin America

• United Fruit Company
• called El Pulpa
• monopolized the banana trade
• exploited workers
• aided small dictatorships known as banana
  republics.

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El Pulpa
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United Fruit Company
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Latin America

• Teddy Roosevelt
• Adds corollary to Monroe Doctrine
• USA could intervene to stop chronic wrongdoing
  through out the western hemisphere
• Used to meddle in Latin American affairs

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Roosevelt Corollary
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Modern Imperialism

• Does Imperialism exist today?
• Economic?
• Cultural?
• Colonialism?