Looking Back at Our Freshman year

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• Looking Back at Our Freshman year
• Global Class

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Egypt

• Egypt is part of the Sahara Desert. The Nile
  River runs through the middle of Egypt. Its used
  to grow crops, such as wheat and beans. It rained
  so much in the highlands of Ethiopia that the
  Nile River would sometimes flood. The water was
  full of black dirt, and it was a great natural
  fertilizer.
• Egyptians were polytheistic. A few gods they
  believed in were Anubis, Set, Osiris, Iris, and
  Horus. Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh was
  the representative of each on the gods.
• Egyptians built pyramids and temples. This showed
  that they had a good knowledge of geometry and
  engineering. Egyptians used the Pythagorean
  theorem. Scientists learned how to measure how
  high a flood was each year, and they kept
  calendars and records. They also created
  yeast-rising bread.
• We know a lot about Egypt through paintings and
  the tombs that people were buried in after they
  died. The paintings showed what all people did on
  a daily basis. The Egyptians also developed
  hieroglyphics.

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India

• India has three main religions, Buddhism,
  Hinduism, and Islam. The earliest Indian religion
  was of the Harappa people, and they were
  polytheistic.
• Buddhism brought new artistic ideas. At first,
  nobody created images of Buddha, who was a
  leader. They made stupas, which were symbolic
  representations that didnt look like a person.
  Around 500 AD, temples of Ajanta and Ellora were
  carved with scenes of Buddha and shortly after,
  statues of Buddha were created. Persian style
  Indian paintings were popular.
• Indian scientists stood out in mathematics and
  engineering. In 2500 BC, a sewage system was
  created in the city of Mohenjo-Daro. Between 250
  and 200 BC, Indian scientists were the first to
  be smelting iron with carbon, which created
  steel. Indian mathematicians were responsible for
  inventing the numeral zero, and the decimal
  system.

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Confucius

• Confucius
• -He develpoed a philosophy.
• -His philosophy emphasized personal and
  governmental mortality, correctness of social
  relationships, justice and serenity.
• -Spread education to both rich and poor.
• -Inspired thousands of followers with his
  guidelines about the proper way to live.
• -Ideas influenced every are of Chinese life
• "Heaven means to be one with God."
• "Wisdom, compassion, and courage are the three
  universally recognized moral qualities of men."
• "Everything has beauty, but not everyone sees it."

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China

• The ancient Chinese people of the Shang dynasty
  were polytheistic which means they worshiped many
  different gods. They were very in touch with
  nature and had a deep respect for it. They
  looked up to weather gods and sky gods. One god
  ruler over all the other gods and he was called
  Shang-Ti. People from the Shang Dynasty also
  believed that their ancestors became gods when
  they died. Each family worshiped their ancestors
  that have died.
• One major religion in China was Confucianism. It
  was founded by Confucius. Confucians believed
  that people should do their duty and follow their
  leaders and gods faithfully.
• China had made many advances in science and
  learning as well. Chinese scholars conducted
  scientific observations of different plants and
  different species of animals. They also studied
  astronomy.

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Hinduism

• Hinduism
• -No single founder
• -No sacred text
• -Grew out of the overlapping beliefs of the
  diverse groups who settled in India.
• -All Hindus share the same certain basic beliefs
• -Monotheistic
• -Three major gods Braman, the creator, Vishru,
  the preserver, and Shiva, the destroyer.
• -Born into caste system.
• Buddhism
• -Final goal is Nirvana
• The Four Noble Truths
• 1. Life means suffering
• 2. The cause of suffering is the desire for
  things that are really illusions.
• 3. The only cure for suffering is to overcome
  desire.
• 4. The eightfold path is the way to
  overcome desire.
• -Founder- Guantama Budda (The enlightened one)
• -Rejected caste system

Buddhism
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Greece

• Greek art was painted in many forms. Some were
  architecture, sculpting, painting, and pottery.
• Greeks never at e meat unless it was sacrificed
  to a god, or hunted in the wild.
• They took games very seriously. They had to
  exorcise and eat right, in order to stay in
  athletic shape. Young men spent a lot of time
  training for competitions. The best men were
  chosen to compete with other men from other
  cities. A few games they competed in were the
  Olympic, and Isthmian games. These games served
  as good training for the army.
• Pythagoras were interested in finding patterns in
  mathematics and music. A student of Pythagoras
  was Socrates, who developed logical methods for
  deciding if something was true, or false.
  Aristotle was a philosopher who observed plants
  and animals.

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Rome

• Roman republic, Cincinnatus war with Carthage
  Punic wars, Caesar, architecture.
• Rome began as small city-states in Italy, and
  ended up ruling the entire Mediterranean world.
• Romans learned a lot from Etruscan culture such
  as engineering techniques, and their alphabet.
• The Romans drove out the Etruscan rulers in 509
  B.C., and the Roman Empire began.
• Rome began as small city-states in Italy, and
  ended up ruling the entire Mediterranean world.
  Romans learned a lot from Etruscan culture such
  as engineering techniques, and their alphabet.
  The Romans drove out the Etruscan rulers in 509
  B.C., and the Roman Republic began.
• Most of the population was farmers, merchants,
  artisans, and traders. Plebians made up the
  middle class. The government of Rome had the laws
  of the land inscribed on 12 tablets in the city.

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Rome

• Romes conquest of the Italian peninsula brought
  it into contact with a new rival, Carthage. Rome
  fought three wars known as the Punic Wars between
  264 B.C. and 146 B.C. Roman military success
  increased the wealth of Roman citizens at home.
  The rich got richer and the poor got poorer.
• Julius Caesar and Pompey the Great worked
  together to conquer many new lands. However,
  Pompey became jealous and a civil war broke out.
  Caesar crushed Pompey and his supporters. Caesar
  reformed the government, and society. Caesars
  grandnephew, Augustus exercised absolute power
  however he did not call himself king. Under
  Augustus the age of the Roman empire began.
• Ancient Romes society was a patriarchal. Rome
  adopted ideas from Greek culture. The most famous
  domed structure is the Pantheon, a temple to all
  the Roman gods. Engineers built many aqueducts
  and were skilled in architecture.

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Islam

• Muslims were strict monotheists. Just like the
  Bible is our Word of God, the Muslims believed
  the Torah was the word of God. They believe in
  the Judeo-Christian God, which they call Allah.
  The 5 Pillars of Islam were the foundation of
  Muslim life. They were1. The Shahada2. The
  Salat3. The Zakat4. The Sawm5. The
  HajjMuhammad was the founder of Islam. The angel
  Gabriel came to him in the Cave of Hira in 610.
  Islam spread rapidly under Abu Bakr, who was the
  first caliph.

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Islam

• The Golden Age of Muslim CivilizationThe Muslim
  empire was at its height and it flourished in
  art, literature, education, mathematics and
  science, and the economy. Muslims absorbed and
  blended customs and traditions from many of the
  people they ruled. Muslim architects were
  influenced by Byzantine domes and arches. Artists
  were skilled in calligraphy, and portrayed animal
  or human figures in their paintings. Many writers
  wrote poems based on the Quran.  The most famous
  collection of Muslim stories is The Thousand and
  One Nights. Muslim mathematicians and scientists
  studied the works of Indian and Greek
  civilizations, and made many contributions to
  society.  Doctors were required to pass
  challenging tests before they could practice, and
  the first hospitals were set up. Muslims had an
  extensive trade network, encouraged
  manufacturing, and flourished in agriculture.  

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Africa

• In Africa, women were responsible for the early
  pottery industry, iron smelting when Africans
  began to smelt iron, and cloth manufacturing. Men
  and women were involved in African medicine.
  However, in the 700s, Phoenicians did not allow
  women to be involved in science.
• Africa was the place where people first started
  building houses for themselves out of mud and
  sticks. People lived in Africa before they lived
  anywhere else. These houses were the earliest
  architecture of the African civilization. By
  3000 BC, people were beginning to build more in
  stone where it was available. There were also
  pyramids and smaller tombs known as mastabas.
• The Bantu people of West Africa were monotheistic.

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created by jenn lisa alyssa
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Period F
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Bibliography

• http//www.thebigview.com/buddhism/fourtruths.html
  
• http//www.rhodesjewishmuseum.org/images/torah.jpg
  
• http//www.payvand.com/news/03/jan/1001film.jpg
• http//www.romanconcrete.com/graphics/pantheon.jpg
  
• http//cache.viewimages.com/xc/51239344.jpg?v1c
  ViewImagesk2d444ED34A869CB970470947F3A016ECD02
  84831B75F48EF45
• http//www.malaspina.edu/mcneil/jpg/caesar.jpg
• http//www.islamtt.org/images/5pillars.gif