Cold War

1
Cold War

• CHY4U

2
Ideological Warfare
Soviet Ideology US Ideology
Authoritarian Freedom
One Party Rule Democracy, Multi-Party
Command Economy Laissez Faire
State Controlled Media Free Media
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Leaders
US USSR
Harry Truman, 45-53 Stalin, -53
Dwight Eisenhower, 53-61 Nikita Krushchev, 53-64
John F. Kennedy, 61-63
Lyndon B. Johnson, 63-69 Leonid Brezhnev, 64-82
Richard M. Nixon. 69-74
Gerald Ford, 74-77
Jimmy Carter, 77-81 Y. Andropov, 82-84
Ronald Reagan, 81-89 Chernenko, 84-85
George Bush Gorbachev, 85-91
4
Germany Berlin Divided
PBS, WWII Behind Closed Doors, Prelude to the
Cold War, N.d., http//www.pbs.org/behindclose
ddoors/maps/index.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
5
The Soviet Bloc
PBS, WWII Behind Closed Doors, Prelude to the
Cold War, N.d., http//www.pbs.org/behindclose
ddoors/maps/index.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
6

• At the end of WWII, there were 10 million Soviet
  troops occupying half of Europe

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Marshall Plan

• See chart in textbook on page 407

For European Recovery Supplied by the United
States of America
Cristen Conger, How Did a Harvard Commencement
Speech Help Save Europe After World War II?, How
Stuff Works, N.d., http//history.howstuffworks.co
m/history-vs-myth/marshall-plan2.htm (Jan. 6,
2013).
8
Comecon
Flag of Comecon, Council for Mutual Economic
Assistance
Comecon, Wikipedia, 2012, http//en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Comecon (Jan. 6, 2013).
9
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
Lynn Hunt, History IC Introduction to Western
Civilization, UCLA Department of History, N.d.,
http//www.sscnet.ucla.edu/history/hunt/classes/1c
/Cold20War.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
10
China Goes Red
Mao Proclaims PRC, Oct. 1, 1949
Craig Hill, October 1, 1949 Mao Zedong Proclaims
Peoples Republic of China, China Daily Mail,
Oct. 1, 2012, http//chinadailymail.com/2012/10/01
/18322/ (Jan. 6, 2013).
11
Korean War
Spartacus Educational, Korean War Primary
Sources, N.d., http//www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.u
k/USAkorea.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
12
Vietnam War
NYU Wikis, Cold War Containment Vietnam War,
2007, https//wikis.nyu.edu/ek6/modernamerica/inde
x.php/Imperialism/ColdWarContainment (Jan. 6,
2013).
13

• L B Johnson
• I am not going to be the president who saw
  Southeast Asia go the way China went.

14
Communist Victory
May 12, 1975 cover of Time Magazine
Time Topics Vietnam Ho Chi Minh, 2012,
http//topics.time.com/vietnam/covers/ (Jan. 6,
2013).
15
CIA Coup in Iran
"Royalists Oust Mossadegh Army Seizes Helm"
Also on that day Aug. 20, 1953 Moscow Says U.
S. Aided Shah's Coup By THE NEW YORK TIMES
James Risen, The Secret History of the CIA in
Iran Page Ones, The New York Times, 2000,
http//www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/08205
3iran-pageone.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
16
Chile
Sept. 24, 1973 cover of Time Magazine
Oct. 10, 1970 cover of Time Magazine
Time, Magazine Covers, Sept. 24, 1973, 2013,
http//www.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19730924,0
0.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
Time, Salvador Allende, 2013, http//www.time.com/
time/covers/0,16641,19701019,00.html (Jan. 6,
2013).
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Nicaragua
President of Nicaragua
Ortega was Sandinista leader fighting the
CONTRAS, rebels secretly funded by the US
Tim Rogers, Why Nicaragua Is Ready to Re-Elect
Daniel Ortega, BBC News, Nov. 2, 2011,
http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-1543
1835 (Jan. 6, 2013).
Biography.com, Daniel Ortega, 1996-2013,
http//www.biography.com/people/daniel-ortega-4019
2 (Jan. 13, 2014).
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Afghanistan
Soviet troops left Afghanistan in 1989 after ten
years
Mujahideen resistance fighters
Russians Warn of Afghan Perils, BBC, Feb. 14,
2009, http//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7888566.stm
(Jan. 6, 2013).
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Bin Laden
Osama Bin Laden in Afghanistan
In Pictures Osama Bin Ladens Life, BBC, May 2,
2011, http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-13
256959 (Jan. 6, 2013).
20
Cuba

• American economic interests in Cuba were strong
  sugar industry.
• Dictator Fulgencio Batista had American support.

Fidel Castro and Che Guevara enter Havana in
victory in 1959 after years of guerilla war
Cuban Revolutions 50th Anniversary, The
Telegraph, Jan. 2, 2009, http//www.telegraph.co.u
k/news/worldnews/centralamericaandthecaribbean/cub
a/4062159/Cuban-revolutions-50th-anniversary-Raul-
Castro-says-movement-is-stronger-than-ever.html
(Jan. 6, 2013).
21
Poland June 1956
Poznan uprising involved strikes and military
threats both from the Polish government and
Soviet troops
Poland 1956 the Poznan Uprising, Socialist
Worker Online, July 1, 2006, http//www.socialistw
orker.co.uk/article.php?article_id9117 (Jan. 8,
2013).
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Hungary Oct. 1956
Statue of Stalin downed
Student march in Oct. in Budapest
BBC News, In Pictures the 1956 Hungarian
Revolution, Oct. 23, 2006, http//news.bbc.co.uk/2
/hi/in_pictures/6070552.stm (Jan. 8, 2013).
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Soviet Reaction
Soviet tanks sent in
BBC News, In Pictures the 1956 Hungarian
Revolution, Oct. 23, 2006, http//news.bbc.co.uk/2
/hi/in_pictures/6070552.stm (Jan. 8, 2013).
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Czechoslovakia
Soviet tanks
Prague Spring under Communist reformer Alexander
Dubcek
Jan Velinger, The Soviet Invasion of
Czechoslovakia and the Crushing of the Prague
Spring, Radio Prague, Aug. 20, 2003,
http//www.radio.cz/en/section/czechs/the-soviet-i
nvasion-of-czechoslovakia-and-the-crushing-of-the-
prague-spring (Jan. 8, 2013).
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Cuban Missile Crisis
US aerial photo shows Soviet missiles in Cuba
Cubas proximity to the US
BBC, Cuba Profile, Nov. 4, 2012,
http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-1957
6144 (Jan. 6, 2013).
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US-Cuban Relationship

• It was a case with all the elements that would
  appear repeatedly during the cold war a corrupt,
  repressive leader backed by the United States for
  his anti-Communist and pro-business views a
  rising but poorly understood nationalistic
  insurgency a policy of strong support for the
  dictator until his imminent collapse prompted a
  vain, hurried search for some moderate
  alternative and the fall of the dictator coupled
  with the emergence of a revolutionary Government
  that viewed the United States with suspicion and
  hostility.

Thomas Carothers, Backing the Wrong Tyrant Book
Review of Contesting Castro, New York Times, June
12, 1994, http//www.nytimes.com/1994/06/12/books/
backing-the-wrong-tyrant.html?pagewanted2srcpm
(Jan. 6, 2013).
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Detente
Nixon and Brezhnev meet in Moscow, 1972
BBC, On This Day May 22, 1972,
http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/m
ay/22/newsid_4373000/4373149.stm (Jan. 6, 2013).
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Nixon in China

• Nixon, learning of a split between China and the
  USSR, wanted to play them off against each other,
  and improved US relations with China by going
  there in 1972

Time Magazine Covers, Nixon in China, Mar. 6,
1972, 2013, http//www.time.com/time/covers/0,1664
1,19720306,00.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
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Star Wars
Reagan speaks about Strategic Defense Initiative
(SDI) in 1988
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Museums,
Speeches, N.d., http//www.reagan.utexas.edu/archi
ves/photographs/speeches.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
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• Military spending increased under Reagan from
  171 billion (1981) to 300 billion (1985)

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Sputnik
1957 Soviet media announcement of the worlds
first artificial satellite
Jonathan Strickland, How Sputnik Worked, How
Stuff Works, N.d., http//science.howstuffworks.co
m/sputnik.htm (Jan. 6, 2013).
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Soviet scientist works with Sputnik, a sphere
made of aluminum alloy. Even NASA credits it with
the indirect creation of itself as a result of
kicking off the space race between the US and the
USSR.
NASA Image of the Day Gallery Sputnik I, Oct. 4,
2011, http//www.nasa.gov/multimedia/imagegallery/
image_feature_924.html (Jan. 6, 2013).
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• After Sputnik II was launched only one month
  after Sputnik I President Eisenhower was accused
  of allowing a technological Pearl Harbour

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1961-1969
May 25, 1961 President Kennedy says US will get
to the moon by the end of the 1960s
NASA History Office, The Decision to Go to the
Moon, 2012, http//history.nasa.gov/moondec.html
(Jan. 6, 2013).
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Man on the Moon
Neil Armstrong working on the lunar module
NASA, July 20, 1969 One Giant Leap for Mankind,
July 10, 2009, http//www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/a
pollo/apollo11_40th.html (Jan. 8. 2013).
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Angola
Cuban soldiers fought alongside rebels against
the South African government
Cuba and the Struggle for Democracy in South
Africa, South African History Online, N.d.,
http//www.sahistory.org.za/topic/cuba-and-struggl
e-democracy-south-africa (Jan. 8, 2013).
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Ethiopia
Colonel Mengitsu Haile Mariam (seen with Fidel
Castro) collectivized agriculture in the late
1970s and received much support from the USSR and
Cuba in their battle with Somalia
BBC News Africa, Ethiopia Profile, Sept. 23,
2012, http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13351
397 (Jan. 8, 2013).