The French Revolution

1
The French Revolution Napoleon(1789-1815)

• Salon gathering ground for many who wished to
  discuss the ideas of the French Enlightenment
• Lead to revolutionary talk
• End o/t OLD ORDER (REGIME)
• class system based on the THREE ESTATES
• King Louis XVI
• Queen Marie Antoinette
• 1st (1) ___________________
• 2nd (2)__________________
• 3rd (97)_________________
• Bourgeoisie top wealthy o/t 3rd Estate

2

• Who is represented?
• What is the message?

3
CAUSES o/t French Revolution (July 1789)

• Wealth GAP
• Enlightenment Ideas
• Louis XVI policies
• Widespread hunger / cold
• The ESTATES GENERAL
• National Assembly is born
• July 1789 the Storming of the BASTILLE
• prison in Paris w/ numerous political prisoners
• marks the beginning o/t F.R.

4
Creating a New Nation

• Aug 1789 Declaration o/t Right of Man and o/t
  Citizen
• Liberty, equality, fraternity
• All men are born equal
• Freedom of speech, press religion
• Sorry ladies, not yet.
• Ended rights o/t clergy
• 1791 Legislative Assembly
• War w/ Austria
• Aug 1792 National Convention
• Abolished the monarchy declared France a
  Republic
• Thus? ______________________

5
France is a Republic

• Jacobins radicals
• Jean-Paul MARAT
• M. Robespierre
• The Reign of Terror
• 1793-1794
• Guillotine
• To stop any counter-revolutionaries
• Louis XVI Marie Antoinette

6
NAPALEON BONAPARTE

• Born in Corsica
• proven military strategist
• Defeats Brits at Toulon
• Defeats Austria Italy
• Napoleon seizes power
• Nov 1799 coup detat
• crowns himself King
• ruled as a Dictator

7
The Napoleonic Code

• Revision of French law
• Foundation of many European legal systems
• Bank of France
• Public education system
• K-12, Univs, tech schools
• Europes Map is redrawn
• spread Enlightenment ideas
• placed family friends in power
• Continental System
• economic warfare
• blockaded Euro ports to England
• Battle of the Pyramids
• Attempted to disrupt British trade w/ India
• Defeated by British in Egypt

8
Napoleons Defeat

• 1812 March on Russia
• Russia was an ally of England
• Desire to disrupt trade btwn UK and Russia
• The GRAND ARMY
• Started w/ 600,000 soldiers
• Scorched Earth tactics
• Captured Moscow
• Russians burn t/ city
• Winter sets in
• _at_ 94,000 soldiers returned to France
• Battle o/t Nations
• Napoleon abdicates

9
Napoleons Exile, Return, and Defeat

• Napoleon exiled t/t Isle of Elba
• Monarch restored
• King Louis XVIII
• The Hundred Days war
• return of Napoleon
• Monarch v. the People
• European neighbors oppose his return
• Battle of Waterloo(1815)
• Napoleon defeated and returns to exile
• Isle of St. Helena, S. Atlantic
• Died in 1821

10
Congress of Vienna (winter of 1814-15)

• After fall of Napoleon
• Restore balance of power in Europe
• Restore borders
• Diplomacy NOT War
• Legitimacy restoration o/t European monarchies
• Metternich of Austria was the most influential
• French Revolution encouraged revolts in Latin
  America
• HAITI