THE%20GLOBAL%20ALLIANCE%20FOR%20CLEAN%20COOKSTOVES:%20IMPLICATIONS%20FOR%20SOUTH%20AFRICA

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THE GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR CLEAN COOKSTOVES
IMPLICATIONS FOR SOUTH AFRICA

• M. Matinga,
• J. Robinson,
• H. Annegarn
• SeTAR Centre, University of Johannesburg
• Department of Geography, Environmental Management
  and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg

DUE 2011 11th to 13th April
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Why with near universal electrification?

• Dependence on biomass and coal persists in South
  Africa, as does unsafe paraffin use
• Deaths from paraffin known (e.g. PASASA)
• Deaths and health burden from IAP not well
  known in South Africa
• IAP extra burden on those with TB

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Whats happened so far?

• Inconsistent and low profile efforts never
  national scale efforts
• Even PASASA is not well resourced to afford
  provincial and municipal activities
• Some interest at local government but often not
  resourced
• Most affected Women and children but also poor
  men
• Clean energy initiative therefore a social equity
  issue

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What is the Alliance?

• Formally announced in September 2010
• Patron Hilary Clinton
• Coordinated by United Nations Foundation
• Aim to reduce deaths from IAP by ensuring 100
  million stoves by 2020
• Members Country govts, bilateral and
  multilateral aid agencies

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Contribution to households

• Poverty alleviation, through production and sales
• Through efficient use of available resources
• Providing affordable fuels and
• Reducing expenditure of fuels
• Reduced time and metabolic energy expenditure for
  productive uses or well-being

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Contribution to national development goals

• Making service delivery more meaningful
• Meeting constitutional commitments of clean and
  unpolluted environment
• A step towards social equity along with other
  initiatives

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What can the Alliance do? - Standards

• The Alliance will advise and aid standards
  development
•  Support the expansion of stove testing
  facilities and capabilities
•  SABS and NRCS stove standards work put SA at an
  advantage to lead
•  Stove testing capacity at UJs SeTAR Centre,
  CPUT Energy Institute, CSIR and SABS
•  

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What can the Alliance do? Other issues

• Assist in gathering credible evidence on health
  impacts and health benefits
• Assist in leveraging finance and carbon finance
• Assess best context-relevant ways of reaching
  consumers
• Look at best possible manufacturing options
• Ensure a gendered approach to all activities

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Weaknesses and risks

• Capacity not fully exploited due to a lack of
  financing and limited human capacity
• Local standards may be sidelined for imported
  ones that may not be in line with local users
  socio-cultural preferences or economic realities
•  Reinventing the wheel, and thus not optimizing
  the limited resources available in the sector.

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Weaknesses and risks

• Current key challenge is quality control -
  Appearance and performance
• Poor logistics and networks
• But will factory production undermine job
  creation potential?

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Possibilities

• RSA has capacity to manufacture high quality
  stoves
• Value chain analysis could provide other mixes
  with high quality job creation e.g. central
  manufacture, local assembly
• Existing, successful programs from which RSA
  and other SADC countries can learn

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Household energy and carbon finance

• The household energy sector could benefit more
  from carbon financing
• Black carbon (soot) Household should be part of
  mitigation actions
• 4 million households in RSA 1 million
  households by 2016?
• About 20 million households in SADC 5 million
  households by 2016?

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Lessons from Peru

• Electrification speed and coverage comparable to
  RSA
• Peru without smoke campaign
• Strong private-public partnerships
• Certified stoves (and stove makers) for quality
  purposes
• Not a side issue, involves several ministries
• Supported with specific budget at local level

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Lessons from Peru

• Integrated with other health programs health,
  sanitation, nutrition
• Test facilities for certification
• Simulated, typical kitchens
• Political champion Peruvian first lady Pilar
  Nores
• Smart subsidies targeting technical development
  and market creation intensive advertising

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How can we do this?
Questions?
mmat_001_at_yahoo.com 011 559 4275