Chemistry Basics

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Chemistry Basics

• For Biology

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Atoms

• Smallest unit of matter
• Different types of atoms make up different
  elements

http//ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/NatSci102
/lectures/spectroscopy.htm
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Molecules

• Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds

http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA
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Covalent bonds

• Electrons are shared

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Ionic Bonds

• Electrons are stolen,
• creating charged ions
• that are mutually
• attracted.

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Hydrogen Bonds

• Magnet-like attraction between polar molecules
  when one contains hydrogen
• Much weaker than covalent bonds

http//www.mrothery.co.uk/biochm/biochmnotes.htm
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Polar Molecules

• Water is polar
• Two atoms of hydrogen are covalently bonded to
  one oxygen.
• Oxygen is an electron hog, so the oxygen gets a
  partial negative charge and the hydrogen gets a
  partial positive

http//awesomealexs.wikispaces.com/Chemistry_of_li
fe
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Nonpolar Molecule

• Lipids are nonpolar
• Molecules that dont have any charged ends

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Like Dissolves Like

• Polar molecules dissolve in polar liquids
• Nonpolar molecules dissolve in nonpolar liquids
• Water and oil dont mix!

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Polymer

• Long, chain-like molecule
• Like a string of beads

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Monomer

• Repeating units of a polymer
• Like the individual beads on a necklace

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Macromolecule

• Macrolarge (opposite of micro)
• Moleculemolecule
• LARGE MOLECULES!
• All biomolecules are macromolecules.

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Biomolecules

• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids

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Quizlet!

• Free app
• Can access from a computer
• Pre-Made Flashcards!
• Study on your phone wherever you are
• SUPER COOL!

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Quizlet!

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